【正文】 quences. First and foremost, …. What makes matters worse, …. Finally, if this matter is not properly settled, it will pose a threat to …. It is high time that we called on the efforts from all sides to deal with this problem properly. For one thing, the government should…. For another, … should seize every chance… Finally, the mass media should also play a positive role in …. No matter whether this problem is a natural result of social development, it is important that we find a satisfactory solution to it in this social transformation era. (2) At present, many people take it for granted that… because…. Consequently, it is not necessary for us to worry about…. In fact, the situation has bee so serious that every one should be aware of it and take immediate actions. …. What?s more, with the development of science and technology, …. Thirdly…. We should take urgent measures…. On the other hand, … . Last but not least, ….. (3) The recent years have witnessed an unfavorable social phenomenon…. After contemplation and meditation, we can find three possible reasons to account for this trend. For one thing, …. For another…. The solutions to this problem seem more than clear on this occasion. …. Moreover, …. Last but by no means least, …. (4) It is selfevident that the present fast developing society calls for ….. If we ever want to …, we must remember the following advice. In the first place, …. In th e second place,… Only when … can we hope to put an end to this unfavorable situation. The … problem is of great importance to anybody at any time and place. If a person refuses to learn cooperation and discipline, how can he enjoy the privilege of higher living quality? [推薦 ]四級聽力考前備戰(zhàn) 大家都知道聽力在整個(gè)四級考試當(dāng)中的重要性，因此很多四級聽力材料或有關(guān)技巧訓(xùn)練的書上都在給學(xué)生們提出的一些建議中，提醒學(xué)生們先利用考試開始前的幾分鐘時(shí)間將所給的選項(xiàng)瀏覽一遍，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)推測題目，聽的過程中要注意一些關(guān)鍵詞、短語的意思，要特別注意第二個(gè)人說話時(shí)的語氣和語調(diào)等等。但是這些都是一些泛泛之談。筆者在幫助自己的學(xué)生備戰(zhàn)四級中發(fā)現(xiàn)考 生對聽力理解中第一部分比較自信，這一部分的十個(gè)對話占了聽 力總分的一半，而且又最容易得分，但是筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)每次考試中總有一些難句，影響了考生的發(fā)揮。本文將往年四級的考題和現(xiàn)有的四級模擬題的聽力理解部分中的一些難句總結(jié)如下，希望能對正在備戰(zhàn)四級的學(xué)生們起到一些幫助。 雖然對話的提問一般都是針對對話中出現(xiàn)的一些細(xì)節(jié)，但是對于文章句意的把握也是很重要的，可以使考生避免犯大的錯誤。四級對話中往往有一些句子意思很難把握，歸咎其原因多數(shù)是因?yàn)槠渚湫吞厥猓绕涫悄切┞犉饋硎强隙?，但真?shí)意思卻是否定以及外表是否定但卻表達(dá)肯定意思的句子。 一、形肯定意否定的句型： I39。d like to／ I 39。d love to， but．．．。表否定，重點(diǎn)放在 but 后面。如： —The students39。English club is havinga party on Saturday night． Can you e？ —I would like to， but I work at a restaurant on weekends．（ 1990 年1 月） 又如： —Shall we eat in the school diningroom tonight？ —I39。d like to， but the Western food doesn39。t agree with me． Let39。s go to a Chinese restaurantfor a change． 使用虛擬語氣的句子。 在很多四級聽力考試試題當(dāng)中，經(jīng)常采用虛擬語氣，這些句子形式上是肯定的，但往往表達(dá)一種 “本應(yīng)該，本可以（卻沒有），希望 ”的情緒，放在一定的語言環(huán)境中表否定。而這一點(diǎn)也是考生常忽略的，要特別注意。如： —If the traffic wasn39。t so bad， I could have been home by 6： 00． —What a pity！ John was here to see you．（ 1990 年 1 月）（意思是如果早到家的話，就可以見到約翰了，但是事實(shí)是因?yàn)榻煌ǘ氯瑳]能及時(shí)回家） 又如： —Do you like physics？ —Well， I wish it were interesting．（意思是事實(shí)上物理一點(diǎn)也沒有趣） —I need a bike today， but mine has a flat tyre． —I39。m sorry to hear that． I would have lent you if Bill hadn39。t taken it away．（意思是不能借給你） I39。m sorry，．．．。這種句型是委婉的否定，其后一般接原因。如： —Hello， may I speak to John Smith， please？ —I39。m sorry， nobody