【正文】 about if the rumor benefits someone, and if that someone started the rumor. One rumor to be especially cautious of is a rumor about groups relatively unable to defend themselves. That39。s why we say, history is always told by the victors. The first payment the defeated must make is to accept the victor39。s version of the story.（1）What39。s the author39。s attitude towards rumors? ....（2）What can we learn about rumors? have all heard some and believed them.39。re happy to be the receiving end of them. may have negative influence on society. often hide good intentions in the messages.（3）How are rumors like trees? keep changing, just as trees change their color. are deeply rooted in reality, like tree roots in the earth. rumors have gaps, like the space between tree branches. rumors grow out of the original, like branches out of a trunk.（4）What does the underlined word viral in Paragraph 4 probably mean? easily spread acceptable easily defended. beneficial.（5）Which of the following may the author agree with? is easy to prevent people from spreading rumors. are often active in judging the rumors critically. should think about the hidden message of the rumors. told by the victors are usually better worth trusting.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A（5）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，介紹了什么是謠言，謠言的危害，特點(diǎn)及怎樣避免謠言。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“In more traditional times they shook entire families.”；第二段中的“The fact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally.”；以及第四段中的“Another property of rumors is that they tend to bee viral.”等信息可知作者認(rèn)為謠言會對個人生活和社會造成混亂，作者對謠言是批評的態(tài)度。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“The fact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally.”可知謠言會對個人生活和社會造成混亂，給社會帶來不良影響。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Change: It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the initial rumor.”把謠言比作樹，新謠言的出現(xiàn)填補(bǔ)了最初謠言留下的空白。這說明新的謠言從原來的地方冒出來，就像樹枝從樹干冒出來一樣。故選D。 （4）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“Each receiver is at the same time a potential transmitter of the information. The receiver often adds their own opinion. Their manner and tone of transmitting it also changes it.”可知每個接收者同時又是信息潛在的發(fā)送者。接收者通常還會添加自己的觀點(diǎn)或改變信息。這是在說謠言的危害，像病毒一樣容易傳播。畫線的“viral”即指像病毒一樣容易傳播，故選A。 （5）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“It is that we should be critical of the information we receive. We should ask ourselves if the source is reliable. Ask (if possible) the person you heard it from whether they also trust the information. We should also think about if the rumor benefits someone, and if that someone started the rumor.”可知我們要理性對待謠言，核實(shí)信息的準(zhǔn)確性，可信度，評估對別人的影響，即考慮謠言的背后信息。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解 Children who spend more time reading with their parents have a greater chance of being better readers than those who don39。t. With help from their parents, children can learn techniques to improve their reading skills. A lot of parents think after their child learns to read, they should stop reading to them, Donna George said. They are sadly mistaken. George offers her services to parents at the Title I Learning Centers. She said reading aloud to children may be the most valuable thing parents can do. It is better for children to hear things at a high level than where they are, George said. Parents are their child39。s first teacher. Parents help their children build listening, phonics, prehension and vocabulary skills when they read aloud to them. Before parents can identify reading problems, they should escape the enemy—television and limit the time their children spend watching television. George suggested not allowing kids to have a TV in their bedrooms, setting a schedule of when kids can watch or keeping a list of how many programs children watch. Louise Jones said that while her 14yearold daughter and 10yearold son enjoy reading, the television sometimes bees a distraction. So she tries to build the situation by suggesting books the entire family will enjoy reading together, like the Harry Potter series. Parents who do not read themselves should not count on their children being enthusiastic about it. If parents would read to their children at least 15 minutes every day, children would not have so many problems in school. It is the parents39。 job to help build that desire in their children, and of course to know what kind of books to read is also important.（1）According to George, reading aloud to children ______. them correct mistakes helpful to their reading parents39。 first duty to their children get children out of television39。s attraction（2）The underlined word distraction (in Paragraph4) means something that can _____. children39。s reading skills children form the right habit of reading children interested in reading children concentrating on reading（3）What is important according to the fourth paragraph? skills. speed. materials. environment.（4）The best title for the passage would be ______. Spend More Time Reading with Parents Are Their Child39。s First Teacher Parents Make Their Child a Better Reader to Improve Children39。s Reading Ability【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了經(jīng)常與父母一起閱讀的孩子更容易成為優(yōu)秀的閱讀者，在父母的幫助下，孩子們會提高閱讀技巧，并詳細(xì)闡述了父母如何使孩子成為更好的閱讀者。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Parents help their children build listening, phonics, prehension and vocabulary skills when they read aloud to them.”可知家長對孩子大聲的閱讀，會幫助他們建立聽力、發(fā)音、理解和詞匯技能。即家長對孩子大聲的閱讀對孩子的閱讀是有幫助的，故選B。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“Before parents can identify reading problems, they should escape the enemy—television and limit the time their children spend watching television.”可知電視是影響孩子閱讀的敵人，所以當(dāng)Louise Joines14歲的女兒和10歲的兒子享受閱讀的快樂時，電視就會成為使他們分心的東西，所以distraction的意思是“分心”，故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。第四段主要講了為了避免電視成為孩子閱讀的障礙，不建議在孩子的臥室安裝電視，而且列舉了Louise Jones的例子，為了避免電視使孩子分心，Louise Jones營造全家都讀書的氛圍。所以從本段可以知道閱讀環(huán)境是很重要的，故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。主要講述了經(jīng)常與父母一起閱讀的孩子更容易成為優(yōu)秀的閱讀者，在父母的幫助下，孩子們會提高閱讀技巧。并詳細(xì)闡述了父母如何使孩子成為更好的閱讀者。故選C。 【