【正文】 (6 24%) 3% (2 5%) Transparency Masters to acpany Operations Management, 5E (Heizer Render) 1222 ?1998 by Prentice Hall, Inc. A Simon Schuster Company Upper Saddle River, . 07458 Ordering Costs 168。 Forms 168。 Clerical support 168。 Cleanup costs 168。 Adjustment costs 168。 Fixed order quantity models 168。 Production order quantity 168。 Probabilistic models 168。 Known and constant demand 168。 Instantaneous receipt of material 168。 Only order (setup) cost and holding cost 168。 More units must be stored if more ordered Purchase Order Description Qty. Microwave 1 Order quantity Purchase Order Description Qty. Microwave 1000 Order quantity Why Holding Costs Increase Transparency Masters to acpany Operations Management, 5E (Heizer Render) 1228 ?1998 by Prentice Hall, Inc. A Simon Schuster Company Upper Saddle River, . 07458 168。 Develop an expression for setup or ordering costs 168。 Set setup cost equal to holding cost 168。 Answers how much to order and when to order 168。 Other EOQ assumptions apply 168。 Material produced, used immediately 168。 Lower holding cost than EOQ model Production Order Quantity Model Transparency Masters to acpany Operations Management, 5E (Heizer Render) 1233 ?1998 by Prentice Hall, Inc. A Simon Schuster Company Upper Saddle River, . 07458 Reasons for Variability in Production Most variability is caused by tolerating waste or by poor management. Specific causes include: ? employees, machines, and suppliers produce units that do not conform to standards, are late or are not the proper quantity ? engineering drawings or specifications are inaccurate ? production personnel try to produce before drawings or specifications are plete ? customer demands are unknown Transparency Masters to acpany Operations Management, 5E (Heizer Render) 1234 ?1998 by Prentice Hall, Inc. A Simon Schuster Company Upper Saddle River, . 07458 POQ Model Inventory Levels Inventory Level Time Supply Begins Supply Ends Production portion of cycle Demand portion of cycle with no supply Transparency Masters to acpany Operations Management, 5E (Heizer Render) 1236 ?1998 by Prentice Hall, Inc. A Simon Schuster Company Upper Saddle River, . 07458 D = Demand per year S = Setup cost H = Holding cost d = Demand per day p = Production per day POQ Model Equations Optimal Order Quantity Max. Inventory Level Setup Cost Holding Cost = = = * = * = Q H* d p Q D Q S p * 1 ( * H * Q d p 1 ) d p 1 ( ) 2*D*S ( ) Transparency Masters to acpany Operations Management, 5E (Heizer Render) 1237 ?1998 by Prentice Hall, Inc. A Simon Schuster Company Upper Saddle River, . 07458 168。 Allows quantity discounts 168。 Other EOQ assumptions apply 168。 Answer how much when to order 168。 Follows normal distribution 168。 Consider service level safety stock 168。 Higher service level means more safety stock 168。 Answers how much to order 168。 Inventory brought up to target amount 168。 No continuous inventory count 168。 Useful when vendors visit routinely 168。 , February 13, 2023 雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。 :05:5604:05Feb2313Feb23 1故人江海別，幾度隔山川。 :05:5604:05:56February 13, 2023 1他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)，舊國見青山。 2023年 2月 上午 4時 5分 :05February 13, 2023 1行動出成果，工作出財(cái)富。 上午 4時 5分 56秒 上午 4時 5分 04:05: 沒有失敗，只有暫時停止成功！。 04:05:5604:05:5604:052/13/2023 4:05:56 AM 1成功就是日復(fù)一日那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)小小努力的積累。 04:05:5604:05:5604:05Monday, February 13, 2023 1不知香積寺，數(shù)里入云峰。 2023年 2月 13日星期一 上午 4時 5分 56秒 04:05: 1楚塞三湘接，荊門九派通。 2023年 2月 13日星期一 4時 5分 56秒 04:05:5613 February 2023 1空山新雨后，天氣晚來秋。 , February 13, 2023 閱讀一切好書如同和過去最杰出的人談話。 :05:5604:05Feb2313Feb23 1越是無能的人，越喜歡挑剔別人的錯兒。勝人者有力，自勝者強(qiáng)。 2023年 2月 13日星期一 上午 4時 5分 56秒 04:05: 1最具挑戰(zhàn)性的挑戰(zhàn)莫過于提升自我。 2023年 2月 13日星期一 4時 5分 56秒 04:05:5613 February 2023 1一個人即使已登上頂峰，也仍要自