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【正文】 ster Rebellion 1916 and the Irish Free State 1921 Modernism or “Goodbye to All That” ? Obsessive concern with the unknowability of things. Heavily influenced by Einstein and Freud, Modernists were interested in the idea of fractured memory and time. ? If the old ways of thinking resulted in war, then the Modernists were concerned with the “shock of the new”. There was also a concern for Reason as Rationale, progress as flawed and Avant garde. ? A new internationalism. ? Woolf, Robert Graves and Orwell. Other Aspects of the Interwar Period ? It was, mostly, a period of economic stagnation with some modest gains in living standards during the 1920s and high unemployment during the 1930s. ? Rural Depression ? The General Strike of 1926 and simmering divisions. ? A keeping up of appearances and Traditional Order. ? Britain was essentially on autopilot. ? The Imperial System and its discontents. ? John Maynard Keynes and new ideas. World War Two ? This war lacked the popular zeal of the Great War. But there was the perception of it being a “good war.” ? Defeat on the Continent (Dunkirk), Alone (with colonies that remained), Blitzed and running on empty. ? Alliance with the United States. ? A growing sense of egalitarianism. ? Total War, again and the Blitz (60,000 civilians killed) Social Change during the War and After. ? Beveridge Report (1942) by Sir William Beveridge laid out a scheme of prehensive social welfare. ? There was a sense of a changed world with plans to keep it. ? Labor controlled the government from 1945 to 1951. Conservative from 195164. (But fairly broad based consensus on how to govern: 1960 saw unemployment increase and the Tories intervened. ? Retreat from Empire. ? Cold War. ? The problem of Europe. Late Twentieth Century to Today ? The Falklands War, some domestic unrest and polarization under Thatcher. ? Oil and Growing prosperity. ? Celebrity Culture ? Multicultural Society and its discontents. ? Ulster and the Good Friday Accords. ? Welsh and Scottish nationalism and their parliaments Englishjsnu
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