【正文】 es a source of intense speculation, an object of profound curiosity for the reader. 說明：一般來將考生只要按三點分別講述就可以了，不必像答案這么全面。 48 A. The Oversoul is believed to be an allpervading power for goodness, omnipresent and omnipotent from which all things e and of which all are a part. It exists in nature and man alike and constitutes the chief element of the universe. B. According to Emerson, it is a supreme reality of mind, a spiritual unity of all beings, and a religion regarded as an emotional munication between an individual soul and the universal Oversoul of which it is a part. C. He holds that intuition is a more certain way of knowing than reason and that the mind could intuitively perceive the existence of the Oversoul and of certain absolutes. 說明：以上兩題每點3分，最高不超過6分。s An Essay on Criticism advocates grace, wit, and simplicity in language。s Tom Jones helped establish the form of novel。s Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard displays elegance in style, unified structure, serious tone and moral instruction. B. Romanticists tended to see the individual as the very center of all experience, including art, and thus, literary work should be spontaneous overflow of strong feelings, and no matter how fragmentary those experiences were(Wordsworth39。s Kubla Khan), the value of the work lied in the accuracy of presenting those unique feelings and particular attitudes. C. In a word, Neoclassicism emphasized rationality and form but Romanticism attached great importance to the individual39。s novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a sequel to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. The story takes place along the Mississippi River before the Civil War in the United States, around 1850 Along the river, floats a small raft, with two people on it: One is an ignorant, uneducated Black slave named Jim and the other is a little uneducated outcast white boy about the age of thirteen, called Huckleberry Finn or Huck Finn. The novel relates the story of the escape of Jim from slavery and, more important, how Huck Finn, floating along with Jim and helping him as much as he could, changes his mind, his prejudice, about Black people, and es to accept Jim as a man and as a close friend as well. During their journey,they experience a series of adventures: ing across two frauds, the Duke and the King, witnessing the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard, being lost in a fog and finally Tom39。s journey down the Mississippi River to express his thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization. 以上A、B各5分。 三、 學(xué)習(xí)方法 經(jīng)過我們的教學(xué)觀察，《英美文學(xué)選讀》學(xué)習(xí)過程中暴露出來的問題有： 1） 教材不便于自學(xué)。書中的古代詩歌占了相當(dāng)?shù)谋戎?，然而古詩詞的注解太少，考生對中古英語的句法和詩歌的基本特征不了解（例如2000年41題涉及格和音步問題），相當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯在一般詞 典上查不到，學(xué)生看不懂，甚至部分教師也不明白，例如The Faerie Queene中 Upon a great adventure he was bond(P16)中bond的意思不明確； Enforst to seeke some covert nigh at hand（P18）enforst字典上查不到。莎士比亞的《威尼斯商人》有一句Not on thy sole but on thy soul, harsh Jew/ Thou mak39。所有這些都對自考學(xué)生帶來了許多阻礙，尤其是偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的考生，他們一無參考資料，二無教師請教，苦難相當(dāng)大。本科段的大綱要求我們在這個階段要培養(yǎng)：具有從事科學(xué)研究的初步能力。我們要學(xué)會充分使用圖書館和各種工具書，我們列舉一些參考書供大家選擇： 1）陳嘉 《英國文學(xué)史》四冊 商務(wù)印書館 2） 陳嘉 《英國文學(xué)作品選讀》三冊 商務(wù)印書館 3） 楊豈深 《英國文學(xué)選讀》三冊 上海譯文出版社 4） 楊豈深 《美國文學(xué)選讀》三冊 上海譯文出版社 5） 裘克安 《莎士比亞注釋叢書》 商務(wù)印書館 6） 王佐良 《英國文學(xué)名篇選注》 商務(wù)印書館 7） 王佐良 《英國詩選》 上海譯文出版社 8） 辜正坤 《英文名篇鑒賞金庫詩歌卷》 天津人民出版社 9） 劉炳善 〈〈簡明英國文學(xué)史〉〉 河南人民出版社 二、學(xué)校、考生的課程安排不科學(xué)。 《英美文學(xué)選讀》屬于高年級課程。對于自考生來將，我們建議大家先學(xué)《高級英語》，《英語詞匯學(xué)》和《英語語法》，同時穿插其他的課程，例如《翻譯》、《寫作》和《英美文學(xué)選讀》，但是考試最好安排在稍后的時間，目的是讓考生先流利地掌握一些語言點，這些內(nèi)容和基本功對文學(xué)的欣賞會起一定的促進(jìn)作用。從第一部分的試卷構(gòu)成可以看出，復(fù)習(xí)的時候絕對不能搞什么單純的重點復(fù)習(xí)，我們要求考生在仔細(xì)把握全書內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上再研讀重點作家的作品。當(dāng)教材進(jìn)入浪漫主義時期之后，英國文學(xué)可以美國文學(xué)齊頭并進(jìn)，要求同學(xué)進(jìn)行橫向比較，例如要求同學(xué)自己整理英國浪漫主義和美國浪漫主義的異與同，美國現(xiàn)代主義和英國現(xiàn)代主義的聯(lián)系。培養(yǎng)在熟讀的基礎(chǔ)上打破時間的界限，進(jìn)行橫向和縱向的對比的能力，學(xué)會自己進(jìn)行羅列和總結(jié)。寧可累死在路上，也不能閑死在家里！寧可去碰壁，也不能面壁。什么是奮斗？奮斗就是每天很難，可一年一年卻越來越容易。能干的人，不在情緒上計較，只在做事上認(rèn)真；無能的人！不在做事上認(rèn)真，只在情緒上計