【正文】 里；氯氣管使用無縫鋼管，配置成一定濃度的加氯水管使用，給水管使用鍍鋅鋼管；設置磅秤作為校核設備，為方便放置氯瓶，磅秤面與地面相平；加氯間及氯瓶間設置通風設備，使得每小時換氣12次，由于氯氣比重大，排氣孔設置在低處；加氯設備保證不間斷工作，考慮一定的設置備用數(shù)量；通向加氯間的壓力管線保證不間斷供水，并盡量保持管內(nèi)水壓穩(wěn)定；加氯間采用暖氣采暖，暖氣散熱片距離氯瓶和加氯機一定的安全尺寸。 清水池一般情況下，取水構筑物和凈水廠規(guī)模是按照最高日平均時設計的，而配水設施則是滿足供水區(qū)的逐時用水量變化，為此需要設置清水池構筑物，以平衡兩者的負荷變化。其出水水位滿足輸水管道系統(tǒng)對水壓的要求，凈水廠工藝流程的確定可依此為準。2） 清水池分兩組。清水池的總有效容積 式中：——清水池的總有效容積（）； ——經(jīng)驗系數(shù)，一般采用10%20%； ——設計供水量（）。清水池的面積 式中：清水池的面積()；——清水池的有效水深(m)。清水池高度H=h+h1=+=。清水池設2個檢修孔，檢修孔直徑為800mm，池頂設6條通氣管，直徑為200mm。四用兩備。電源380v，50HZ，3相，車輪直徑軌道面寬3770mm，軌道主要尺寸：L1=，L2=，B=300，K=2500，h=1050，h1=500，h2=490。環(huán)形軌道半徑R=1m。二級泵房中水泵的吸水管的管徑:流速v=。泵選用一個DN500,.1）通風系統(tǒng)計算①電動機的散熱量②消除室內(nèi)余熱所需空氣量L和需風機風量L ,電動機為.安裝尺寸: 2）排水設備 綜上所述，確定泵房尺寸：LBH=附錄二 英文原文Anaerobic ponds treatment of starch wastewater:case study in Thailand. Rajbhandari, . Annachhatre *Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology, . Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, ThailandReceived in revised form 20 January 2004。 Cyanide degradability。 Settling characteristics。 Starch factory wastewater1 IntroductionAnaerobic ponds (APs) are popularly employed fortreatment of organic wastewater emanating from varietyof industries such as food, pulp and paper, sugar anddistillery. Anaerobic ponds are particularly effective intreating highstrength wastewaters containing biodegradabletotal suspended solids (TSS). In such cases the liquidlayer in anaerobic ponds act as a settling basin for thesuspended solids while the anaerobic biodegradationprimarily takes place in pond sediments (Toprak, 1994).Anaerobic reactions taking place in the sediment includesolubilization of biodegradable particulate matter followedby acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis (Parker, 1979。 Pescod, 1996。 Paing et al., 2003). Inspite of these problems, anaerobic ponds are popularparticularly wherever land is abundant (Arthur, 1983).Wastewater ing from starch factories is one suchtype of wastewater, which is treated extensively inanaerobic ponds. Starch is often produced in many partsof the world from tapioca. Tapioca roots contain 20–25% starch. The starch extraction process essentiallyinvolves preprocessing of roots, followed by starch extraction, separation and drying. The process generates20–60 m3/ton of wastewater with a low pH in the – (Economic and Social Commission for Asia and The Pacific, 1982). The wastewater is highly organic in nature with chemical oxygen demand (COD) up to 25,000 mg/l (Bengtsson and Treit, 1994). The wastewater consists of high TSS prising starch granules in the range 3000–15,000 mg/l, which are highly biodegradable by nature. Tapioca starch wastewater also has high cyanide content up to 10–15 mg/l, which is highly toxic to aquatic life at concentrations of cyanide as low as (Bengtsson and Treit, 1994).Problems related to water pollution are reported to be serious. The acidic nature of wastewater can harm aquatic organisms and reduce the selfpurification capacity of the receiving stream. Suspended solids present in the wastewater can settle on the streambedand spoil fish breeding areas in the stream. Since these solids are primarily organic in nature, they depose easily and thus deoxygenate the water. Similarly, highbiochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the wastewater also can cause rapid depletion of oxygen content in the receiving water body and promote the growth of nuisance organisms. Water pollution caused by tapioca starch production has been reported as a serious problem in many Asian countries, particularly in Thailand (Kiravanich, 1977) and in India (Padmaja et al., 1990). Tapioca also contains bound cyanide as a natural defense mechanism. During the starch manufacturing process, bound cyanide in the form of linamarin and lotaustralin from tapioca roots is hydrolyzed by the enzyme linamarase with deposition to hydrogen cyanide (HCN), which finds its way into the wastewater.Cyanide containing starch wastewater can be effectively detoxified in anaerobic processes (Annachhatre and Amornkaew, 2000). Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) processes are effective in treating starch wastewater (Annachhatre and Amatya, 2000), particularly, in removing cyanide (Annachhatre and Amornkaew, 2001). Adaptation by methanogens to cyanide concentrations of 5–30 mg/l has been reported in literature(Fedorak et al., 1986。standard deviation. The SMA tests were carried out with two replicates. Common linear regression curve was fitted to the data obtained from the two replicates test and a relation between volumes of methane production with respect to time was established. The SMA was calculated based on the slope of methane volume versus time curve and mass of sludge taken for the SMA test. Likewise a linear relation was established between the cumulative cyanide degradation with respect to time. Data from settling experiments was used to establish a nonlinear relationship between the halfremoval time and influent total suspended solid concentrations. All statistical analyses (arithmetic average, standard deviation, linear and nonlinear regression and correlation coefficient) were performed using Microsoft Excel 2000.3 Results and discussion Analysis of existing wastewater process Characteristics of raw wastewater: The pond system treats approximately 4500 m3/d of wastewater from starch and approximately 500 m3/d of wastewater from glucose factory. A scheme of anaerobic ponds and sampling points is shown in Fig. 3. The characterization of raw, influent and effluent wastewater of the pond systems is shown in Table 2. The wastewater characteristics at sampling point, ‘a(chǎn)’ and ‘d’, in Table 2 corresponds, respectively to raw wastewater from starch and glucose factory. Raw wastewater from starch factory was highly acidic in natur