【正文】 icetodevice connections within a very short range；：A set of telemunications standards that enables wireless devices to municate with each other over short distances； local area network (WLAN)：A telemunications network that enables users to make shortrange wireless connections to the Internet or another network； (wireless fidelity)：The mon name used to describe the IEEE standard used on most WLANs；：A wireless standard (IEEE ) for making broadband network connections over a mediumsize area such as a city； wide area network (WWAN)：A telemunications network that offers wireless coverage over a large geographical area, typically over a cellular phone network； mmerce (lmerce)： Delivery of mmerce transactions to individuals in a specific location, at a specific time； positioning：Relies on base stations to find the location of a mobile device sending a signal or sensed by the network； positioning：Calculating the location of a mobile device from signals sent by the device to base stations； positioning system (GPS)：A worldwide satellitebased tracking system that enables users to determine their position anywhere on the earth； information system (GIS)：A puter system capable of integrating, storing, editing, analyzing, sharing, and displaying geographicallyreferenced (spatial) information； puting：Invisible, everywhere puting。 for example, sellers and buyers, buyers among themselves, buyers and suppliers, and colleagues and other colleagues； social network：A social network whose primary objective is to facilitate business connections and activities； Web：An evolving extension of the Web in which Web content can be expressed not only in natural language, but also in a form that can be understood, interpreted, and used by intelligent puter software agents, permitting them to find, share, and integrate information more easily； continuity plan：A plan that keeps the business running after a disaster occurs. Each function in the business should have a valid recovery capability plan；：Intentional crimes carried out on the Internet；：The estimated cost, loss, or damage that can result if a threat exploits a vulnerability；：Any business activity that uses deceitful practices or devices to deprive another of property or other rights；：A generic term for malicious software；：A crimeware technique to steal the identity of a target pany to get the identities of its customers； engineering：A type of nontechnical attack that uses some ruse to trick users into revealing information or performing an action that promises a puter or network； fraud：Type of fraud that occurs in payperclick advertising when a person, automated system, or puter program simulates individual clicks on banner or other online advertising methods； theft：Fraud that involves stealing an identity of a person and then the use of that identity by someone pretending to be someone else in order to steal money or get other benefits；：Software that gathers user information over an Internet connection without the user’s knowledge；：The electronic equivalent of junk mail； card：An electronic card containing an embedded microchip that enables predefined operations or the addition, deletion, or manipulation of information on the card； cards (pcards)：Specialpurpose payment cards issued to a pany’s employees to be used solely for purchasing nonstrategic materials and services up to a preset dollar limit； verification number ：Detects fraud by paring the verification number printed on the signature strip on the back of the card with the information on file with the cardholder’s issuing bank； Verification System (AVS)：Detects fraud by paring the address entered on a Web page with the address information on file with the cardholder’s issuing bank； Clearing House (ACH) Network：A nationwide batchoriented electronic funds transfer system that provides for the interbank clearing of electronic payments for participating financial institutions； fulfillment：All the activities needed to provide customers with their ordered goods and services, including related customer services； operations：The activities that support fulfillment of orders, such as packing, delivery, accounting, and logistics； operations：The business processes, such as sales and advertising, which are visible to customers；：The logistics of EC systems, typically involving small parcels sent to many customers’ homes ；：Logistics model in which ponents for a product may e from two (or more) different physical locations and are shipped directly to the customer’s location； warehouse：Logistics method in which products on the delivery truck are not preassigned to a destination, but the decision about the quantity to unload at each destination is made at the time of unloading； resource planning (ERP)：An enterprisewide information system designed to coordinate all the resources, information, and activities needed to plete business processes such as order fulfillment or billing； auction：Auction in which each bidder bids only once。a silent auction,in which bidders do not know who is placing bids or what the bid prices areVickrey auction:auction in which the highest bidder wins but pays only the second highest bidBundle trading:the selling of several related products and/or services together9 / 9