初中英語――動詞不定式-閱讀頁
2025-06-22 16:24本頁面
【正文】 動詞結(jié)構(gòu)。不定式保留動詞的某些特性，可以有自己的賓語、狀語等。現(xiàn)對九年級動詞不定式的用法作一次簡要梳理。動詞不定式作主語，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如： young adults, it is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge... () head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. () to make requests politely is important.() 二、用作表語 動詞不定式作表語，常說明主語的內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)、特征。如： 1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. () 2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.() 3)Id love to visit Mexico.() , know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介詞結(jié)構(gòu)on...可用疑問詞帶to的不定式短語作賓語，但why后面的不定式不帶to。如： I find it difficult to remember everything. () ，意思差別不太大的動詞有begin, start, like, love等。但是這種區(qū)別并不很嚴格，特別是美國英語，即使是習(xí)慣性的動作也可以用動詞不定式?！ ?)I like to eat vegetables. () 感知動詞like, love, know等一般不用進行時態(tài)。后接不定式作賓語，表動作尚未發(fā)生；后接ving形式作賓語，表動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。try to do盡力做，try doing試試看；go on to do接著做另外的事，go on doing繼續(xù)做原來的事。如： 1)I have so many chores to do today.() 2)I cant think of any good advice to give her. () 3)Basketball has also bee a more popular sport for people to watch.() , time, way等時，不定式與這些名詞呈現(xiàn)出動狀關(guān)系或同位關(guān)系。如： 1)There’s just so much to see and do here.() 2)... but there are still many things to do there.() 五、用作補語 動詞不定式作補語時，在主動語態(tài)句里補賓語，在被動語態(tài)句里補主語，句子的賓語或主語是不定式動作的邏輯執(zhí)行者。 、被動語態(tài)句里用帶to的動詞不定式作補語的動詞主要有：要求允許提議(ask, allow, permit, advise)，期望邀請鼓勵(expect, suppose, invite, encourage)，教導(dǎo)告訴想要(teach, tell, want)，等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。如： 1)This picture makes me feel tense！() 2)Of course we want to see Liu Yu achieve his dreams.() ，to可帶可不帶。在被動語態(tài)句里，或者用不定式的否定式作補語時要帶to。如： 1)He doesn’t seem to have many friends.() 2)Be sure not to miss them if they e to a city near you.() 六、用作狀語 ，置于句首或句末，置于句首時常表示強調(diào)。so as to do一般不置于句首，可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，in order to do不引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。如： 1)My dogs name is “Lucky”—a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him.() 2)On Monday he told a radio interviewer that he had run out of money to buy old bikes. () ，多見于“too...to”，“enough to...”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。動詞不定式與句子的主語有邏輯的動賓關(guān)系。不定式常用主動式表被動意義。 ，表示說話人的心理狀態(tài)或?qū)κ虑榈目捶ā＿@種結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等。一般說來，of前面的形容詞是careful, clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, wise等，既說明人的特性，又說明不定式動作的特性。前面如果是名詞用for。這種結(jié)構(gòu)起名詞的作用，在句子里用作賓語、主語、表語等，或者單獨使用。如： ?！ ?)What to do next?(=What will we / you do next?) 2)Why go there?(=Why do we / you go there?) 九、動詞不定式的否定式 不定式的否定式是not / never to do...，不帶to的不定式的否定式是not / never do...如： they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other.() parents tell him never to drive after drinking.
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