【正文】 system 地氣系統(tǒng)反照率albedo of underlying surface 下墊面反照率earth radiation belt 地球輻射帶nocturnal radiation 夜間輻射atmospheric counter radiation 大氣逆輻射radiance 輻射率irradiation 輻照irradiance 輻照度reflected radiation 反射輻射albedo 反照率band model 帶模式statistical band model 統(tǒng)計(jì)帶模式regular band model 規(guī)則帶模式random Elsasser band model 隨機(jī)愛爾沙色帶模式strongline approximation 強(qiáng)線近似weakline approximation 弱線近似planetary temperature 行星溫度atmospheric attenuation 大氣衰減atmospheric absorption 大氣吸收atmospheric window 大氣窗[atmospheric] absorptivity [大氣]吸收率nonscattering atmosphere 無散射大氣extinction coefficient 消光系數(shù)atmospheric radioactivity 大氣放射性atmospheric optics 大氣光學(xué)atmospheric optical spectrum 大氣光譜atmospheric refraction 大氣折射atmospheric optical mass 大氣光學(xué)質(zhì)量primary scattering 一次散射Mie scattering 米散射multiple scattering 多次散射Rayleigh scattering 瑞利散射volume scattering function 體散射函數(shù)forward scattering 前向散射backscattering 后向散射scattering crosssection 散射截面backscattering crosssection 后向散射截面oneway attenuation 單程衰減twoway attenuation 雙程衰減scattering coefficient 散射系數(shù)attenuation coefficient 衰減系數(shù)attenuation crosssection 衰減截面absorption crosssection 吸收截面atmospheric polarization 大氣偏振nightsky light 夜天光sky brightness, sky luminance 天空亮度atmospheric optical thickness, atmospheric optical depth 大氣光學(xué)厚度[atmospheric] transparency [大氣]透明度atmospheric optical phenomena 大氣光學(xué)現(xiàn)象atmospheric turbidity 大氣渾濁度turbidity factor 渾濁因子mirage 蜃景twilight 曙暮光aurora australis 南極光aurora borealis 北極光anthelion 反日parhelion 假日paraselene 假月46176。 halo 46度暈22176。s theorem of circulation 開爾文環(huán)流定理Bjerknes circulation theorem 皮葉克尼斯環(huán)流定理crossequatorial flow 越赤道氣流adjustment of circulation 環(huán)流調(diào)整mesospheric circulation 中間層環(huán)流largescale circulation 大尺度環(huán)流atmospheric center of action 大氣活動(dòng)中心stratospheric sudden warming 平流層爆發(fā)[性]增溫atmospheric turbulence 大氣湍流eddy 渦旋flux 通量turbulent flux 湍流通量isotropic turbulence 各向同性湍流mixing length 混合長K theory of turbulence 湍流[WTHZ]K[WT][HT5H]理論P(yáng)randtl mixinglength theory 普朗特混合長理論turbulent boundary layer 湍流邊界層laminar boundary layer 層流邊界層turbulence spectrum 湍流譜turbulence energy 湍流能量turbulent exchange 湍流交換turbulent diffusion 湍流擴(kuò)散EliassenPalm flux EP通量lateral mixing 側(cè)向混合chaos 混沌numerical weather prediction, NWP 數(shù)值天氣預(yù)報(bào)model output statistic prediction, MOS prediction 模式輸出統(tǒng)計(jì)預(yù)報(bào)equivalent barotropic model 相當(dāng)正壓模式quasigeostrophic model 準(zhǔn)地轉(zhuǎn)模式filtered model 過濾模式adiabatic model 絕熱模式primitive equation model 原始方程模式mesoscale model 中尺度模式scaling 尺度分析synoptic scale 天氣尺度planetary scale 行星尺度meso scale 中尺度mesoα scale α中尺度mesoβ scale β中尺度mesoγ scale γ中尺度spectral model 譜模式movable finemesh model 可移動(dòng)細(xì)網(wǎng)格模式semiimplicit scheme 半隱式格式conservation scheme 守恒格式finite difference model 差分模式upstream scheme 迎風(fēng)差格式putational instability 線性計(jì)算不穩(wěn)定perturbation method 小擾動(dòng)法energy cascade 能量串級(jí)objective analysis 客觀分析physical mode 物理模[態(tài)]putational mode 計(jì)算模[態(tài)]model resolution 模式分辨率skill score 技巧分subgrid scale parameterization 次網(wǎng)格尺度參數(shù)化normal mode initialization 正規(guī)模[態(tài)]初值化dynamic initialization 動(dòng)力初值化static initialization 靜力初值化fourdimensional data assimilation 四維資料同化rigid boundary condition 剛體邊界條件spongy boundary condition 海綿邊界條件first guess 初估值time smoothing 時(shí)間平滑space smoothing 空間平滑automatic data processing 自動(dòng)資料處理structure function 結(jié)構(gòu)函數(shù)splitexplicit scheme 分離顯式格式bogus data 人造[站]資料hydrostatic check 靜力檢查difference scheme 差分格式staggered grid 交錯(cuò)網(wǎng)格stagger scheme 交錯(cuò)格式nested grid 套網(wǎng)格pseudospectral method 假譜方法successive correction analysis 逐步訂正法optimum interpolation method 最優(yōu)插值法statistical interpolation method 統(tǒng)計(jì)插值法manmachine weather forecast 人機(jī)結(jié)合天氣預(yù)報(bào)limited area model, LAM 有限區(qū)模式limited area finemesh model, LFM 有限區(qū)細(xì)網(wǎng)格模式statisticaldynamic prediction 統(tǒng)計(jì)動(dòng)力預(yù)報(bào)diagnostic analysis 診斷分析numerical simulation 數(shù)值模擬numerical experiment 數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn)general circulation model, GCM 大氣環(huán)流模式barotropic model 正壓模式baroclinic model 斜壓模式primitive equation 原始方程governing equation 控制方程06. 天氣學(xué) synoptic meteorology 天氣學(xué)weather 天氣synoptic chart 天氣圖meteorological code 氣象電碼weather symbol 天氣符號(hào)barb 風(fēng)速羽wind shaft 風(fēng)矢桿wind arrow 風(fēng)矢present weather 現(xiàn)在天氣past weather 過去天氣upper air chart 高空[天氣]圖surface chart 地面[天氣]圖vertical cross section 垂直剖面圖facsimile weather chart 傳真天氣圖isobaric surface 等壓面standard isobaric surface, mandatory level 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等壓面contour chart 等壓面圖rainfall chart 雨量圖streamline chart 流線圖time crosssection 時(shí)間剖面圖scatter diagram 點(diǎn)聚圖isoline 等值線isotherm 等溫線isodrosotherm 等露點(diǎn)線isallotherm 等變溫線isobar 等壓線topographic isobar 地形等壓線isallobar 等變壓線hodograph 高空風(fēng)分析圖contour line 等高線isallohypse 等變高線isopleth of thickness 等厚度線isotach 等風(fēng)速線isogon 等風(fēng)向線isanomaly 等距平線isohume 等濕度線moisture profile 濕度廓線isohyet 等雨量線shear line 切變線squall line 颮線convergence line 輻合線pressure tendency 氣壓傾向anallobar 正變壓線katallobar 負(fù)變壓線pressure variation 氣壓變量pressure field 氣壓場wind field 風(fēng)場allobaric field 變壓場anallobaric center 正變壓中心katallobaric center 負(fù)變壓中心humidity field 濕度場wet tongue 濕舌dry tongue 干舌dry line 干線temperature field 溫度場cold tongue 冷舌warm tongue 暖舌pressure system 氣壓系統(tǒng)low [pressure], depression 低[氣]壓deepening of a depression 低壓加深filling of a depression 低壓填塞cold low 冷低壓warm low 暖低壓mesoscale low 中尺度低壓thermal low 熱低壓cutoff low 切斷低壓orographic depression 地形低壓trough 低壓槽trough line 槽線inverted trough 倒槽cold trough 冷槽forwardtilting trough 前傾槽backwardtilting trough 后傾槽topographic trough 地形槽anchored trough 錨槽monsoon trough 季風(fēng)槽westerly trough 西風(fēng)槽longwave trough 長波槽East Asia major trough 東亞大槽cyclone 氣旋cyclonic circulation 氣旋性環(huán)流cyclonic curvature 氣旋性曲率cyclonic shear 氣旋性切變extratropical cyclone 溫帶氣旋secondary cyclone 次生氣旋cyclonic wave 氣旋波cyclone family 氣旋族occluded cyclone 錮囚氣旋cyclogenesis 氣旋生成cyclolysis 氣旋消散vortex 低渦cold vortex 冷渦warm vortex 暖渦permanent de