【正文】 lief　　[B] dissect one of Aesop39。s most wellknown fables　　[D] illustrate a fable typical of Aesop39。s fables　　[C] stress that mythology was used by cultures other than the Greeks to convey societal morals　　[D] establish them, in addition to the Greeks, as the societies most notable for their mythology　　35. The main point of this text is ______.　　[A] Aesop39。s fables and other mythology, a cultural study on that society would be only partial　　[D] through the study of a culture39。s decisions and plans. In other words，when social scientists have reported on the psychological consequences of poverty，it seems reasonable to believe that they have described the psychological consequences of powerlessness. The solution to poverty most frequently suggested is to help the poor secure more money without otherwise changing the present power relationships. This appears to implement the idea of equality while avoiding any unnecessary threat to the established centers of power. But since the consequences of poverty are related to powerlessness，not to the absolute supply of money available to the poor，and since the amount of power purchasable with a given supply of money decreases as a society acquires a large supply of goods and services，the solution of raising the ines of the poor is likely，unless acpanied by other measures，to be ineffective in a wealthy society.　　In order to reduce poverty — related psychological and social problems in the United States，the major munity will have to change its relationship to neighborhoods of poverty in such fashion that families in the neighborhoods have a greater interest in the broader society and can more successfully participate in the decisionmaking process of the surrounding munity. Social action to help the poor should have the following characteristics：the poor should see themselves as the source of the action。the action should demand much in effect or skill。t be held pletely responsible for decisions related to it. Doctors are also fallible, and it is understandable that they would not want to make the final decision about when death should occur. (44)__________________________________________.　　I believe that blindly opposing assisted suicide does no one a service. If someone is dying of cancer and begging to be put out of his or her misery, and someone gives that person a deadly dose of morphine that seems merciful rather than criminal. If we can agree to this, then I think we could also agree that having a doctor close by measuring the dosage and advising the family and friends is a reasonable request. (45)____________________________________________.　　Life is indeed precious, but an inevitable part of life is death, and it should be precious, too. If life has bee an intolerable pain and intense suffering, then it seems that in order to preserve dignity and beauty, one should have the right to end her or his suffering quietly, surely, and with family and friends nearby.　　[A] If one simply withholds treatment, it may take the patient longer to die, and so he may suffer more than he would if more direct action were taken and a lethal injection given.　　[B] The third perspective to consider when thinking about assisted suicide is the role of nature. Life is precious. Many people believe that it is not up to human beings to decide when to end their own or another39。s career she is less likely than her male colleagues to be promoted. Between postdoctoral and lecturer level, men are more likely to be promoted than women are, by a factor of between and . Such differences are bigger at higher grades, with the hardest move of all being for a woman39。s school of science had lower salaries and received fewer resources for research than their male counterparts did. Discrimination against female scientists has cropped up elsewhere. One study—conducted in Sweden, of all places—showed that female medicalresearch scientists had to be twice as good as men to win research grants.　　[D] Sara Connolly, a researcher at the University of East Anglia39。s meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in Norwich. She found that the average pay gap between male and female academics working in science, engineering and technology is around ￡ 1,500 ($ 2,850) a year.　　[E] To prove the point beyond doubt, Dr Connolly worked out how much of the overall pay differential was explained by differences such as seniority, experience and age, and how much was unexplained, and therefore suggestive of discrimination. Explicable differences amounted to 77% of the overall pay gap between the sexes. That still left a substantial 23% gap in pay, which Dr Connolly attributes to discrimination.　　[F] That is not, of course, irrefutable proof of discrimination. An alternative hypothesis is that the courses of men39。s lives mean the gap is caused by something else。s pared the experience of scientists in universities with that of those in other sorts of laboratory. It turns out that female academic researchers face more barriers to promotion, and have a wider gap between their pay and that of their male counterparts, than do their sisters in industry or research institutes independent of universities. Private enterprise, in other words, delivers more equality than the supposedly egalitarian world of academia does.Sample Three　　Directions:　　You are going to read a text about the introduction on how to pay in the future, followed by a list of examples. Choose the best example from the list A – F for each numbered subheading (41 45). There is one extra example which you do use. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 (10 points)　　Smart cards and mobile phones are quickly emerging as ways to pay with electronic cash.　　41. A cash call.　　42. Sending money home　　43. Energising money　　44. How to pay in Tokyo　　45. Flashing the plastic　　[A] The various contactless payment systems rely on a technology called nearfield munica