電大建筑結(jié)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)題目期末考試答案最新整理版-閱讀頁(yè)
2025-06-24 21:44本頁(yè)面
【正文】 體施加低周反復(fù)靜力荷載的試驗(yàn)。荷載 變形曲線(xiàn)，變形包括梁端或柱端位移，梁或柱塑形鉸區(qū)曲率截面轉(zhuǎn)角，節(jié)點(diǎn)核心區(qū)剪切角；鋼筋應(yīng)力，包括梁柱交界處梁柱縱筋應(yīng)力，梁柱塑形鉸區(qū)或核心區(qū)箍筋應(yīng)力；鋼筋的滑移，主要是梁（或柱）縱向鋼筋通過(guò)核心區(qū)段的錨固滑移；裂縫觀(guān)測(cè)。隨著地震波加速度時(shí)程曲線(xiàn)的變化，作用在結(jié)構(gòu)上的位移和加振力也跟著變化，這樣就可以得出某一實(shí)際地震波作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)連續(xù)反應(yīng)的全過(guò)程，并繪制出荷載 — 變形的關(guān)系曲線(xiàn)，也即是結(jié)構(gòu)的恢復(fù)力特性曲線(xiàn)。特點(diǎn)：可以反映混凝土的彈性和塑性性質(zhì) 。 。 。 。 47 回彈法檢測(cè)混凝土強(qiáng)度的影響因素有哪些？測(cè)區(qū)布置、回彈值測(cè)量、碳化深度測(cè)量有哪些具體要求？ 10 個(gè)。兩個(gè)相鄰測(cè)區(qū)的間距不大于 2m，而測(cè)區(qū)宜選在混凝土澆筑的測(cè)面。測(cè)點(diǎn)距離結(jié)構(gòu)或構(gòu)件邊緣或外露鋼筋，預(yù)埋件的距離一般不小于 30mm。這里在測(cè)區(qū)表面用合適的工具形成直徑為15mm 的孔洞，其深度略大于混凝土的碳化深度，除去孔中的碎屑和粉末，但不能用液體沖洗，并立即用濃度為 1％酚酞酒精溶液灑在孔洞內(nèi)壁的邊緣處，再用鋼尺測(cè)量自混凝土表面到深部不變色的深度，即是混凝土的碳化深度。 48 超聲回彈綜合法檢測(cè)混凝 土強(qiáng)度的工作原理？測(cè)區(qū)的選擇？ ，以聲速和回彈值綜合反映混凝土抗壓強(qiáng)的一種非破損檢測(cè)方法。超聲波在混凝土材料中的傳播速度中反映了材料的彈性性質(zhì)，由于聲波穿透被檢測(cè)的材料，因此也反映了混凝土內(nèi)部構(gòu)造的有關(guān)信息。 49 混凝土強(qiáng)度的局部破損檢測(cè)技術(shù)有哪幾種？各自特點(diǎn)？ ：評(píng)測(cè)法或 斜測(cè)法 ：對(duì)測(cè)法 ：表面平測(cè)法 50 砌體結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度的非破損檢測(cè)技術(shù)有哪幾種，各自原理？ 一、 沖擊法：依據(jù)物體被破碎時(shí)所消耗的功與破碎過(guò)程中新生成的表面積成正比的基本原理，將從砌體上取得的砂漿或磚塊制成試樣，由專(zhuān)用的落錘設(shè)備進(jìn)行粉碎，并用篩分法測(cè)出砂漿或磚塊粉碎后表面積的增量，由事先建立的單位功表面積和抗壓強(qiáng)度之間關(guān)系的經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式，求得砂漿或磚塊試樣的強(qiáng)度。 推出法：利用特制的加載裝置對(duì)磚砌體中被選定的某一頂磚施加水平推力 ，該頂磚的頂面及兩側(cè)面砂漿已被事先清除，當(dāng)達(dá)到極限推力時(shí)，被試磚塊沿磚底面水平砂漿層或磚和沙漿結(jié)合面被推出。特點(diǎn)：在整個(gè)測(cè)量過(guò)程中始終有規(guī)律地存在著，其絕對(duì)值和符號(hào)保持不變或按某一規(guī)律變化。特點(diǎn)： ； 多，近于零的誤差出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)最大； ； 值，隨著測(cè)量次數(shù)的增加而趨向于零。特點(diǎn)：一般數(shù)值較大，并且常與事實(shí)明顯不符。s 72hour visafree policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and foreign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions including the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan who have valid visas and flight tickets to a third country to spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichuan province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a threeday visa and the fourth nationwide to adopt the policy following Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. Li Zhiyong, deputy dean of the tourism institute at Sichuan University, said the move contributes to a large increase in the number of overseas tourists and raises the city39。s largest breeding and research center. Three days are long enough for foreign visitors to visit those iconic tourist spots, he noted. The city is home to the remains of the Jin sha civilization that dates back more than 3,000 years as well as the Qing cheng Mountains and the Du jiang yan irrigation system. Qing cheng has long been recognized as the birthplace of Taoism, China39。s business development. Rudy Buttignol, president of the public broadcasting pany in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy makes the trips easier. Data from the city39。s cooperation with Central Asian countries, a senior official said. Shaanxi Governor Lou Qinjian said the province is fresh, rich and unique, as it was when it anchored one end of the ancient Silk Road. It is the best option for acmodating industrial transfers from East China or the w orld at large, he said on Wednesday in Xi39。an, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, a trade channel established more than 2,000 years ago linking China, Central Asia and Europe.
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