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rforming brain surgery. [B] interact with human beings verbally. [C] have a little mon sense. [D] respond independently to a changing world. 49. Besides reducing human labor, robots can also [A] make a few decisions for themselves. [B] deal with some errors with human intervention. [C] improve factory environments. [D] cultivate human creativity. 50. The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are [A] expected to copy human brain in internal structure. [B] able to perceive abnormalities immediately. [C] far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information. [D] best used in a controlled environment. Text 3 Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This neartripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 197980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in doubledigit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term. Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to fourfifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past. Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energyintensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, pared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only % of GDP. That is less than onequarter of the ine loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oilimporting emerging economiesto which heavy industry has shiftedhave bee more energyintensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general modityprice inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economist39。s suspension of exports. 52. It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if [A] price of crude rises. [B] modity prices rise. [C] consumption rises. [D] oil taxes rise. 53. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries [A] heavy industry bees more energyintensive. [B] ine loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices. [C] manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed. [D] oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP. 54. We can draw a conclusion from the text that [A] oilprice shocks are less shocking now. [B] inflation seems irrelevant to oilprice shocks. [C] energy conservation can keep down the oil prices. [D] the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry. 55. From the text we can see that the writer seems [A] optimistic. [B] sensitive. [C] gloomy. [D] scared. Text 4 The Supreme Court39。 pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death. Gee Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. It39。t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn39。re a physician,you can risk your patient39。t intend their suicide. On another level, many in the medical munity acknowledge that the assistedsuicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modem medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying. Just three weeks before the Court39。pain. [B] it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives. [C] the Supreme Court strongly opposes physicianassisted suicide. [D] patients have no constitutional right to mit suicide. 57. Which of the following statements is true according to the text? [A] Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients39。s medication is no longer justified by his intentions. 58. According to the NAS39。 62.行苧科學(xué)之所以發(fā)展緩慢,部分原因是用來(lái)解釋行為的依據(jù)似乎往往是直接觀察到的,部分原因是其他的解釋方式一直難以找到。 64.自由和尊嚴(yán) (它們 )是傳統(tǒng)理論定 義的自主人所擁有的,是要求一個(gè)人對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)并因其業(yè)績(jī)而給予肯定的必不可少的前提。 Section IV Writing (20points) 66. (略 ) 2020 年 1 月研究生入學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試試題答案解析 2020 年 1 月研究生入學(xué)考試答案及詳解 第二部分:本部分的命題特點(diǎn)是考查語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的綜合運(yùn)用能力,文章內(nèi)容本身不復(fù)雜,但句子長(zhǎng),分句多,語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象靈 活,加大了題目的難度。 21.選 [A]。第二句中的第一個(gè)詞 Yet表明了本句是對(duì)第一句內(nèi)容的轉(zhuǎn)折。同時(shí),第三句中出現(xiàn)的 19世紀(jì)也確定了本題的選擇為 [A]between, 指這兩個(gè)時(shí)間段中間的年代。本題考查 it is … that…強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 23.選 [C]。所給四個(gè)單詞都有 方法,手段 的意思,