【正文】 a weaker LiBr/H2O solution. This weak solution is pumped back to the generator where the process repeats itself. The heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is primarily a boiler which generates steam from the waste heat of a turbine to drive a steam turbine. The heat recovery boiler design for cogeneration process applications covers many parameters. The boiler could be designed as a firetube, water tube or bination type. Further for each of these parameters, there is a variety of tube sizes and fin configurations. For a given boiler, a simplified method that determines the boiler performance has been developed [8]. The shell and tube heat exchanger is the most mon and widely used heat exchanger in different industrial applications [13]. It is pared to a classic instrument in a concert playing all the important nodes in different plex system setups and can be improved by using helical baffles. There are other ways to augment the heat transfer in a shell and tube exchanger such as through the use of wallradiation [25].The design of a shell and tube heat exchanger fora bined heat and power system basically involves determining its size or geometry by predicting the overall heat transfer coefficient (U). The process of obtaining the heat transfer coefficient values is obtained from literature by correlating results from previous findings in the determination of heat exchanger designs. This involves listing assumptions at the beginning of the procedure, obtaining fluid properties, calculation of Reynolds number and the flow area to obtain the shell and tube sizes. Once U is calculated, the heat balances are calculated. This study also pares the theoretical U values with the actual experimental ones to prove the theoretical assumptions and to obtain the optimum design model [18]. A mathematical simulation for the transient heat exchange of a shell and tube heat exchanger based on energy conservation and mass balance can be used to measure the performance. The design of the heat exchanger is optimized with the objective function being the total entropy generation rate considering the heat transfer and the flow resistance [20]. Once a heat exchanger is designed, a total cost equation for the heat exchanger operation is deduced. Based on this, a program is developed for the optimal selection of shelltube heat exchanger [24]. The heat exchanger to be used in the CHP system in the end needs to be tested for its performance. A heat recovery module for cogeneration is tested before use for CHP application through a microprocessor based control system to present the system design and performance data [19]. The basis of a CHP system lies in efficiently capturing thermal energy and using it effectively. Generally in CHP systems, the exhaust gas from the prime mover is ducted to a heat exchanger to recover the thermal energy in the gas. The monly used heat recovery systems are heat exchangers and Heat Recovery Steam Generators depending on whether hot water or steam is required. The heat exchanger is typically an airtowater kind where the exhaust gas flows over some form of tube and fin heat exchange surface and the heat from the exhaust gas is transferred to make hot water. Sometimes, a diverter or a flapper damper is used to 大 連海洋大學 2021 屆畢業(yè)設計 外文翻譯（英文） maintain a specific design temperature of the hot water or steam generation rate by regulating the exhaust flow through the heat exchanger. The HRSG is essentially a boiler that captures the heat from the exhaust of a prime mover such as a bustion turbine, gas or diesel engine to make steam. Water is pumped and circulated through the tubes which are heated by exhaust gases at temperatures ranging from 800176。F. The water can then be held under high pressure to temperatures of 370176。李 研究助理教授副教授 機械工程學系 44170信箱 ,244房間 CLR大廳 拉斐特的路易斯安娜大學 拉斐德 ,湖人 70504 2250,美國 摘要 本次研究的目的是回顧熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)（ CHP）系統(tǒng)中廢熱回收裝置的設計的相關問題。在設計過程開始之前，產(chǎn)品參數(shù) (如蒸汽或水壓力、溫度 )和設備 (又如吸收式冷水機和熱交換器 )需 要被明確確定。該設備需要聯(lián)合熱交換器工作，作為一個聯(lián)合熱動力系統(tǒng)，為大學供應冷卻水和電力。 引言 熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn) （ CHP）也稱為廢熱發(fā)電， 是一種通過利用在使用過程中所產(chǎn)生的熱量來同時發(fā)電和發(fā)熱的方法 。 基于所使用的設備， CHP也有其它的縮寫 ，例如 CHPB（冷卻建筑物的供暖和電力）， CCHP（聯(lián)合冷熱電）， BCHP（建筑冷熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)）和 IES（綜合能源系統(tǒng)）。根據(jù)商業(yè)建筑物能耗調(diào)查， 1995年在美國 有 460萬的商業(yè)建筑 [14]，這些建筑消耗能量是總能源四分之一的 ，大約有一半來自電力。 盡管日益增長的能源需求，自 1960年以來，平均發(fā)電效率一直保持在 33％，利用傳統(tǒng)方法發(fā)電和發(fā)熱的一般效率大約在 47%左右。本研究的目的是 回顧熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)（ CHP）系統(tǒng)中廢熱回收裝置的設計的相關問題 。 在設計過程開始之前，產(chǎn)品規(guī)格 (如蒸汽或水壓力、溫度）和設備（又如吸收冷水機和熱交換器） ,需要被明確確定。該設備需要聯(lián)合熱交換器工作，作為一個聯(lián)合熱動力系統(tǒng)為大學供應冷卻水和電力。 為了構成一個熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)進行設備的整合，通常并不總是能呈現(xiàn)最佳解決方案。這是由于與渦輪機的容量相比，機組的容量太小。暴跌到一個之前， 任何工業(yè)、商業(yè)建筑物或者設施擁有者稱它是對傳統(tǒng)一代選擇的挑戰(zhàn) .用已開發(fā)的動態(tài)隨機模型來 比較在熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)中不可逆轉的投資和傳統(tǒng)熱生成系統(tǒng)的投資 （ 如蒸汽鍋爐與從電網(wǎng) [21]購買所有電力）。按照這個想法，如上升的排放量，電力供應的可用 性和安全因素，一個熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的好處是很多的。 在熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的性能中，各種參數(shù)的影響（如環(huán)境溫度、進氣渦輪溫度、壓縮機壓力比 和 燃氣輪機燃燒效率）要被研究，并對于各參數(shù) [1]進行確定。例如大學和醫(yī)院的很多商業(yè)樓宇安裝熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)，以滿足其日益增長的能源需求。考慮到對新的熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)格局和現(xiàn)有的區(qū)域供熱廠的兼容性，對管道工程進行一些改動， 使這兩個系統(tǒng)可以強加給對方任何運作上的限制 [5]。 新熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)有的中央電廠設備用以供應冷卻水和蒸汽。 商業(yè)熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)的 另一個例子是 密西西比河浸會醫(yī)療中心 。熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn) (CHP)的應用也不僅僅局限于工業(yè)和商業(yè)領域。對 英國住宅能源需求的成本進行計算，并比較以下三個微型熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)技術的運營成本 :斯特林發(fā)動機 ,燃氣發(fā)動機 ,和用于家庭 [9]的固體氧化物燃料電池 (SOFC)。 然而，燃 料電池已經(jīng)面臨來自市場上的替代能源產(chǎn)品的競爭。類似的研究，被預制成固體廢物與天然氣燃燒循環(huán)結合在一起，供一個從廢物到能源的系統(tǒng)， 再加上一個駕駛汽輪機 [4]的熱回收蒸汽發(fā)生器的 使用。 需要某些組件級和系統(tǒng)級的指標之間權衡，以達到最佳的綜合制冷，制熱和動力性能 [18]。 在熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)項目的設計階段有各種參數(shù)需要被考慮。帶有微型燃氣輪機的吸收式制冷機工作很好。大 連海洋大學 2021 屆畢業(yè)設計 外文翻譯（英文） 吸收式制冷機的一個優(yōu)點是，他們不需要任何許可證或排放處理 [2]。 F 廢氣以 48880 磅 /小時 [7]的流量排放出來。 這意味著從廢氣中將需要的熱盡可能多的利用，隨后降低出