【正文】 示著一場暴風雨。山東省青島市高三上期末)A scientist 1 several monkeys in order to study animal psychology. He took a glass bottle, 2 its cork and put two peanuts inside it. The peanuts dropped to the bottom and were easily seen from the outside. He then passed the bottle to a monkey, who shook it 3 for a long while and was able to get the peanuts when they 4 fell out. The scientist then put some peanuts into the bottle again 5 he had done before and showed the monkey that it only needed to turn the bottle upside down for the peanuts to drop out. 6 the monkey always ignored his 7 . Each time it just shook the bottle frantically, with great 8 but without necessarily achieving 9 result.Now the question is why the monkey was unable to understand 10 the scientist instructs. 11 because all its attention was focused on the peanuts. Instead, it must take its eyes off the peanuts and quickly 12 its attention to the 13 movement of the scientist and the way the bottle was turned upside down. To achieve this, it had to calm down and not be 14 by the impulse of its appetite. Yet the monkey was not able to understand this. It is the instance like this that reveals the monkey39。文章主要描述為了研究動物心理學，一位科學家養(yǎng)了幾只猴子做實驗，發(fā)現猴子與人類的一些心理有相似之處。為了研究動物心理學，一位科學家養(yǎng)了幾只猴子。2． B．removed C．discovered D．covered 答案：B　move “移動”；remove “拿開；去掉”；discover “發(fā)現”；cover “覆蓋”。故選B。然后他把瓶子遞給一只猴子，猴子焦急地搖晃了很久。4． B．accidentally C．occasionally D．quickly 答案：B　suddenly “突然”；accidentally “偶然”；occasionally “偶爾”；quickly “很快”。故選B。故選A。故選A。但是猴子總是無視他的指示。8． B．strength C．power D．force 答案：A　effort “努力”；strength “力量”；power “權力”；force “武力”。故選A。每次它只是瘋狂地搖瓶子，努力地搖，但不一定能達到預期的效果。10． B．how C．why D．which 答案：A　現在的問題是為什么猴子不能理解科學家的指示。11． B．Likely C．Simply D．Nearly 答案：C　probably “可能”；likely “可能”；simply “簡單地”；nearly “幾乎”。故選C。相反，它必須把眼睛從花生上移開，并迅速將注意力轉移到科學家的手的動作和瓶子倒轉的方式上。13． B．mouth C．hand D．eye 答案：C　gesture “手勢”；mouth “嘴”；hand “手”；eye “眼睛”。故選C。要做到這一點，它必須冷靜下來，而不是被它食欲的沖動所控制。15． B．the C．those D．this 答案：A　that “那”；the指已提到的人(物)；those “那些”；this “這個”。故選A。famous. He accepted the offer to bee a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited chances for study, but soon his peace and quietness were broken by World War Ⅰ.Einstein hated fighting and killing. The great suffering of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the year following World WarⅠ， honours were increasingly put on him. He became head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. But he himself refused the effort to put him in a position far above other people. He was well known for his humble manner. He often said that his success would certainly have been achieved by others if he had never lived. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize, and he was honoured in Germany until the rise of Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。1．It seems to the American university president that .A．Einstein achieved more than any other scientist in historyB．everybody understands Einstein39。根據第一段最后一句可知，愛因斯坦的理論使人們對宇宙的看法發(fā)生了轉變。根據第三段和最后一段可知愛因斯坦在一戰(zhàn)和納粹時期，幾乎沒有正常工作，排除A項和C項；本文也沒有講述他離開歐洲以后的科研情況，排除D項；由第二段第一句和最后一段可知，B項所述正確。根據第四段第一、二句及最后一段中的“he was honoured in Germany”可知，德國人民尊重愛因斯坦，尊重科學。1．outlook n. 見解；世界觀2．increasingly adv. 越來越多地；不斷增加地put sb. in a position 讓某人處于一個位置Ⅲ　七選五One of the greatest biologists the world has ever seen was Charles Darwin. Darwin was born to a middle173。s father knew his son would never bee a doctor.Darwin39。t take it seriously. 3 That was Professor John Henslow, the head of the Botany Department.Somehow, Darwin managed to graduate from Cambridge in 1831. Upon graduation, Professor Henslow arranged for him to go with Captain Fitzroy on a survey around the world. During the voyage, Darwin collected rocks, bones and insects. He took many notes on all that he observed. 4 The widely believed theory in those days was that God created each creature separately and individually. In 1859, Darwin published his famous book, The Origin of Species. 5 The theory was instantly and very strongly attacked. Darwin was accused of destroying religion and insulting the human race. Today, however, Darwin39。s greatest scientists.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。1．C　根據本段中“l(fā)ooking at plants and birds ...”和“He would have preferred scientific studies.”可知，達爾文喜歡研究生物，故選C。由此可知在學校達爾文表現很差，故選A。t take it seriously.”可知達爾文喜歡收集甲蟲，但對他來說，這只是一種愛好。然而，在劍橋的一個人做到了。4．F　根據前兩句“During the voyage, Darwin collected rocks, bones and insects. He took many notes on all that he observed.”可知達爾文的調查研究使其產生了進化論的想法，即導致他進化論的思想開始形成，故選F。D項“在書中，他用自然選擇解釋了他的進化論”符合要求。24