【正文】 ure, partly because they have healthy egos(自我)(particularly the senior doctors) and partly because they fear litigation(訴訟). The consequence is that instead of learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes are repeated. According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. Until healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve. We need to flip(翻轉(zhuǎn)) this approach. In a plex world, failure is inevitable. It is those individuals and institutions that have the flexibility to face up to failure, learn the lessons and adapt which eventually excel(突出).（1）The question raised in the first paragraph is to ________. A.analyze the reason for successC.s oppositionD.（3）What would be the best title for the passage? A.What we should learn from failureC.D.(1)考查推理判斷。后面以世界級滑冰運動員摔倒的次數(shù)更多來證明這一點，最后一句提出問題：為什么好的滑冰運動員反而摔倒的次數(shù)多呢？下文對這個問題做了回答，進(jìn)一步闡明了文章的中心論點。故選A。第一段提出中心論點并以滑冰運動員為例引出第二段。而第四和第五兩段分別以醫(yī)療和20世紀(jì)七十年代的兒童教育為反例證明：不經(jīng)歷失敗就不會獲得成功和提高。故選A。文章第一段即提出中心論點：the paradox（悖論）is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail，中間幾段以正反兩方面的例子證明了該論點。很明顯，文章的中心意思就是：失敗是孩子真正成功的必要條件?！军c評】本題考點涉及推理判斷，文章結(jié)構(gòu)和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。 Spider monkeys have long, thin arms with hook like hands that allow them to swing through the trees. They do not have opposable thumbs(對生拇指).t available. They spend most of the daylight hours climbing and swinging through the high branches of trees. stomachs until about 16 weeks old. Then they are strong enough to ride on their mothers39。 Spider monkeys hug each other and wrap their tails around each other. They are very intelligent and have strong memories. They were named spider monkeys because they look like spiders as they hang upside down from their tails with arms and legs swinging. Their genus (屬)name is Ateles, which means “imperfect”. This refers to the fact that they don39。 Hunting the brownheaded spider monkey is now barred in Ecuador, a country in northwestern South America, but humans have killed them for their meat for hundreds of years.（1）Spider monkeys live mostly on ________. A.fruitsC.leaves（2）What can we learn about spider monkeys? A.B.Their tails can take their weightD.（3）What does the underlined word “barred” in the last paragraph refer to? A.ForbiddenC.Ignored（4）Where do newlyborn spider monkeys stay? A.B.On their mothers39。On their mothers39。蜘蛛猴主要以水果為食，當(dāng)水果不夠時，也可以以花朵，種子，樹葉和小昆蟲為食。但人類捕殺蜘蛛猴已經(jīng)幾百年了。根據(jù)第三段中的 The brown headed spider monkey lives in a large munity of about20to100 male and female monkeys.”這只棕色的蜘蛛猴生活在一個大的社區(qū)里,大約有20到100只雄性和雌性猴子,故選B。根據(jù)第四段中的“ Spider monkeys hug each other and wrap their tails around each other. They are very intelligent and have strong memories.。他們叫蛀蛛猴是因為他們看起來像蛀蛛掛顛倒與胳膊和腿擺動尾巴。故選C。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Hunting the brownheaded spider monkey is now barred in Ecuador, a country in northwestern South America, but humans have killed them for their meat for hundreds of years.”蜘蛛猴互相擁抱,互相用尾巴包圍。他們叫蜘蛛猴是因為他們看起來像蜘蛛掛顛倒與胳膊和腿擺動尾巴。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 stomachs until about 16 weeks old.”意思是“年輕的猴子是在母親的肚子直到16周大?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。 Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons—for example, economic reasons—why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed? It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破壞) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative and do not like change.s feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice.（1）What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph? A.Most of them are too expensive to preserve.C.They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.（2）Which of the following is TRUE according to the author? A.Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.C.No one understands why people speak against new buildings.（3）By “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means “_______”. A.B.choose new architectural styleD.s feelings for historical buildings（4）What is the main purpose of the passage? A.B.To warn that we could end up living in caves.D.文章是對于現(xiàn)在人們經(jīng)常討論的問題——是否現(xiàn)代建筑應(yīng)該和古老的歷史建筑在一起——進(jìn)行了闡述，在作者看來歷史建筑應(yīng)該保存，但是我們的建筑風(fēng)格也應(yīng)該改變，不能因為歷史建筑破壞我們的生活。根據(jù)第一段中not all historical buildings are ，一些歷史建筑不夠有吸引力，故選A。根據(jù)第三段首句It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破壞) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings ，一些新建筑破壞了所在的區(qū)域，但古建筑也有這種情況，故作者認(rèn)為一些歷史建筑破壞了他們生活的地方，故選C。根據(jù)文章第四段中If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves .（如果建筑師不改變建筑風(fēng)格，我們現(xiàn)在還住在山洞里面）可推知，“moving things forward”指“選擇新的建筑風(fēng)格”，故選C。根據(jù)文章第一段首句Should we allow modern buildings to be built next t