【正文】 考查動詞以及對語境的理解。句意為當前的社會，人們趨向于用錢來衡量measure所有的事情，我們在很小的時候就知道，應該考慮我們決定的經(jīng)濟代價?？疾槊~以及對語境的理解。句意為當前的社會，人們趨向于用錢來衡量所有的事情，我們在很小的時候就知道，應該考慮我們決定decisions的經(jīng)濟代價。 “Nature and Nurture” Social scientists are of course 2 interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviour. There are no clear answers yet, but two 3 schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between 4 of each theory. The controversy(爭論) is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”. Supporters of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, 9 , claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behaviour is almost pletely 10 by their surroundings. The behaviorists39。 Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are 12 . In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” supporters to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites are. Behaviorists, 13 , say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same 14 that whites do. （1）考查形容詞。此句與上文“why one person is intelligent and another is not”是并列的，空格處填的是與前面cooperative相對的詞，故選C。A. moderately“適度地”；B. extremely“極其，非常地”；C. reluctantly“不情愿地”；D. scarcely“幾乎不，簡直不”。故選B。A. distinct“明顯的”；B. reliable“可靠的”；C. relevant“相關的”；D. equal“平等的”。選A。A. objectors“反對者”；B. operators“操作者”；C. opponents“對手”；D. advocates“提倡者”。根據(jù)文中的debate可知，應該是“支持者”之間的爭論，故選D。A. claim“要求，聲稱”；B. support“支持”；C. resolve“溶解”；D. inherit“繼承”。根據(jù)文中的believe可知，這里應該是指“支持者”，故選B。A. pletely“完全地”；B. largely“主要地，大部分”；C. thoroughly“徹底地”；D. merely“僅僅，只不過”。故選B。A. sensitive“敏感的”；B. open“公開的”；C. central“中心的”；D. subject“服從的”。be central to“對……極為重要的”，故選C。A. abilities“能力”；B. capacities“性能”；C. personalities“人格，個性”；D. instincts“本能”。by our instincts固定短語，“通過我們的本能”，故選D。A. experts“專家”；B. scientists“科學家”；C. environmentalists“環(huán)保人士”；D. behaviorists“行為主義者”。故選D。A. shaped“發(fā)展，成形，塑造”；B. dominated“控制，統(tǒng)治”；C. oppressed“壓迫，折磨”；D. restricted“限制”。此處shape的意思是“塑造，成形”，故選A。A. environmental“環(huán)境的”；B. biological“生物的”；C. genetic“遺傳的”；D. psychological“心理學的”。故選A。A. temporary“臨時的”；B. slight“輕微的”；C. fatal“致命的，重大的”；D. farreaching“深遠的”。故選D。A. on the contrary“相反”；B. as a whole“總的來說”；C. after all“畢竟，終究”；D. for instance“例如”。故選A。A. habits“習慣”；B. responses“回應”；C. characteristics“特性”；D. advantages“優(yōu)勢”。故選B。A. necessary“必要的”；B. impossible“不可能的”；C. unreasonable“不合理的”；D. likely“很可能的”。It is likely that…，固定句式，“很可能”，故選D。7．閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 What are the basic elements, or parts, of good manners? Certainly, a strong sense of justice is one。more than a highly developed sense of fair play. A friend of mine once told me of him 2 was another car that produced clouds of choking 4 , and it was a long way to the nearest highway. Suddenly, at a 5 that its owner might have engine trouble, my friend stopped and asked if anything was wrong. 7 , said the other driver. But you39。 I39。with yours the rest of the way.that enables a person to see into the mind or heart of someone else, to 10 alone in a restaurant was trying to unscrew (擰開) the cap of a beer bottle. 12 , he couldn39。and loosened the cap without difficulty. Then he 15 to make great efforts to open the bottle without success. 17 to loosen it — but only with a pair of pliers (鉗子).when you have doubts about some people, act as if they are worthy of your best manners. You may also be astonished to find out that they really are. （1）考查代詞。A. Nothing“什么事”；B. Anything“任何事”；C. Something“一些事”；D. everything“每件事”。 （2）考查動詞。A. walking“走路”；B. running根據(jù)下文中的“another car”可知，作者的朋友也是開車的。 （3）考查副詞。A. Behind“后面”；B. Ahead“之前”；C. After“在......之后”；D. Before“在……之前”。before不能用作副詞，表示空間關系，故選B。句意：在他的前面，有一輛車掀起了嗆人的塵土，他們離最近的柏油路也還有不短的距離。根據(jù)下文中的“you39。故選C。句意：在寬一點的地方，前頭的車開到了一旁。根據(jù)下文中前邊那輛車讓朋友的車先過去，走前邊，可知他們是在一個相對寬一點的地方。 （6）考查動詞。A. Believing“相信”；B. Confirming“確認”；C. Finding“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D. Guessing“猜測”。故選D。句意：“沒事兒，”那位司機說，“你跟在后面吃塵土已經(jīng)這么久了，剩下的路還是讓我跟在你后面吃塵土吧?！?明顯地”；D. Probably“可能”。故選B。句意：“沒事兒，”那位司機說，“你跟在后面吃塵土已經(jīng)這么久了，剩下的路還是讓我跟在你后面吃塵土吧。 （9）考查名詞。A. technique“技巧，技藝”；B. way“方法”；C. behavior“行為”；D. quality“品質(zhì)”。 （10）考查動詞。A. reduce“減少”；B. understand“理解”；C. cure“治愈”；D. remove“移開”。 （11）考查動詞。A. working“工作”；B. begging“乞討，行乞”；C. dining“就餐”；D. performing“表演”。故選C。句意：然而，由于嚴重受傷的手指，他打不開瓶蓋。這個顧客想打開瓶蓋卻沒有打開，前后是轉折關系。 （13）考查名詞。A. legs“腿”；B. eyes“眼睛”；C. fingers“手指”；D. teeth“牙”。 （14）考查動詞短語。A. sat down “坐下”；B. turned around“轉身”；C. took a look“看了一下”；D. held it tight“牢牢抓緊”。故選B。句意：他接著又將其旋緊。根據(jù)下文中的“他轉過身來，假裝使出很大勁還是沒有擰開瓶蓋。故選D。句意：他轉過身來對著那個人，假裝使出很大勁還是沒有擰開瓶蓋。由他打開了，又擰緊，可知這個人是假裝費勁還打不開。 （17）考查副詞。A. Luckily“幸運地”；B. Finally“最后”；C. Happily“高興地”；D. Sadly“悲傷地”。故選B。句意：最后他把那瓶酒拿到廚房，不一會就回來了，說他用了一把鉗子才擰開了瓶蓋。manage to do sth. 固定短語，“成功做成某事”根據(jù)用鉗子打開的，可知，這個人最終打開了瓶蓋。 （19）考查形容詞。A. alike“相像的”；B. friendly“友好的”；C. warmly“熱情地，溫暖地”；D. nicely“友好地”。故選A。句意：即使對有些人你心存疑慮，也要以禮相待。 這里采用讓步關系，進一步說明要對所有人一視同仁。 【點評】本題考點涉及代詞，動詞，副詞，名詞，形容詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。 of humanity.woman, who had pulled over because herhad broken down. I approached to make sure she was 4 . She assured me she was fine and that her husband was on his way with a truck. So I went back to my 5 , standing about 150 metres away. Her husband arrived. And 6 to bring me back to their place for lunch. I 8 But our 9 for