【正文】 from overexploitation, said Chen Chi from Boston University, lead author of the study.s increase in forest area, despite having only percent of the world39。 Over the past decades, China has made great efforts to green the land. In 1978, the central government launched a nationallevel forestation projectthe Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program. By the end of 2017, the forest coverage rate among the regions in the project reached percent, pared to percent 40 years ago. In a greening project, Kubuqi Desert, seventh largest in the country, has seen onethird of its area covered by vegetation during the past three decades thanks to forestation efforts.（1）What have China and India contributed to according to NASA? A.B.Population explosion.D.They turn out to be ineffective.They improve the food output.C.They allow planning once annually.（3）What was the forest coverage rate in 1977? A.B.C.D.By space.B.By parison.D. （1）考查細節(jié)理解。s two most populous countries, are primarily responsible for making the Earth greener可知,美國宇航局的研究顯示中國和印度使地球變得更綠,也就是說中國和印度的主要貢獻在于土地綠化,故選A。根據(jù)第三段中的China and India have also greatly increased their food production through multiple cropping practices,可知,中國和印度通過復種提高了糧食產量,故選B。根據(jù)最后一段中的By the end of 2017, the forest coverage rate among the regions in the project reached percent, pared to percent 40 years ago.可知,截至2017年底,%%,%,故選A。根據(jù)第二段中的That39。s increase in forest area, despite having only percent of the world39。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。 The latest data from the Office for National Statistics shows that one in every 12 kids is living in homes where no one has worked for at least a year. That may be due to unemployment or issues such as sickness or disability that mean they can39。t required to. This is known as being in a long term workless family. Not only does worklessness reduce family ine, it can also damage families39。s development. This is because many workless families are held back by disadvantages such as debt, drug and alcohol dependency, and by homelessness. Suffering from the family problems, many children face a greater and greater possibility of repeating the poor outes of their parents. Government research has shown that children in workless families are almost twice as likely not to reach the expected level at all stages of their education. For example, threequarters of children from families where no one works failed to reach the expected level at General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), pared to around half of children in lowerine working families. But for some families, worklessness, or not employment, is the norm. They just choose not to work. These families often face huge barriers to getting on with their lives but they take the opportunities offered by the society. Parents39。 We all want to help workless families with plex problems so that their children can take advantage of the opportunities in Britain. We all want parents to have the chance to go out to earn a living and to enjoy the pleasure of work, so that their children can benefit from the good examples of working parents. In doing so, we should know the need to understand the plex issues that some families face and to develop a new approach to deal with poverty. Because the root causes are not financial. It is about helping families overe the problems they face so that they can go as far as their talents and hard work will take them. We shouldn39。have better performance at schooltake chances to go out to earn a livingC.live the same lifestyles that their parents had（2）The underlined word norm in the fifth paragraph probably means . A.a turning pointC.an unusual event（3）In the last paragraph the author mainly talked about . A.B.development of the societyreforming of the government（4）The main purpose of the passage is to . A.appeal to the readers to help children in workless familiesC.pare children39。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。故選D。根據(jù)第四段中的“But for some families, worklessness, or not employment, is the norm.”但是對于一些家庭來說，失業(yè)和不就業(yè)是一個典型的例子。但此處提到的家庭是they just choose not work自己選擇不工作,所以這種家庭是典型例子。 （3）考查段落大意。因為根本原因不是經(jīng)濟原因。可知，本段主要講幫助那些失業(yè)家庭的方法。 （4）考查推理判斷。我們想要父母出去掙錢，享受工作的樂趣，這樣孩子也可以從父母的榜樣中受益，表達了想幫助這些家庭的強烈愿望，和殷切希望。故選B。8．閱讀理解 s true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance? To some extent, extra effort seems to be selfdefeating. Studies suggest that, after 50 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply.t stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently praised the 996 model, where employees work from 9 . to 9 ., 6 days a week, as a huge blessing. Apparently, presenteeism (出勤主義) is the curse of the modern office worker. Some of this may be a selfcontinuing cycle. If bosses do not like to go home before their employees, and employees fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees39。 But presenteeism has more serious consequences. It is perhaps most mon in Japan, where people attend the office even when they are in disfort. In doing so, they are doing neither themselves nor their employers any favours. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study in the Journal of Occupation and Environmental Medicine, these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. Those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression.