【正文】 81 The Silk Road 追溯：date back to 朝廷使者: envoy of royal court 西域: Xiyu(western countries)河西走廊: the Hexi Corridor 塔里木盆地: Tarim Basin 帕米爾高原: Pamir mountain region 阿富汗: Afghanistan 敘利亞: Syria 地中海: Mediterranean 火藥: gunpowder 造紙術(shù): paper making 印刷術(shù): printing techniques 佛教: Buddhism 伊斯蘭教: Islam 石榴: pomegranate 香水: perfume 歷史文物: historical relics 少數(shù)民族: ethnic minority 吐魯番: Turpan 工藝: workmanship 風(fēng)味小吃: local delicacies82 Traditional Holidays 節(jié)慶膳食： holiday meals 象征意義: symbolic significance 貶官放逐: exile 端午節(jié): Dragon Boat festival 忠臣: loyal minister 糯米粽子: glutinous rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves 祭祀亡靈: sacrificial offerings for Qu Yuan’s departed soul 龍舟比賽: dragon boat race 中秋節(jié): Midautumn Festival 滿月: full moon 蜜餞: candied preserved fruits 豆沙: bean paste 蛋黃: egg yolk 餃子: dumpling 年糕: niangao(New year cake, thick steamed pudding of glutinous rice flour)八寶飯: babaofan(steamed sweet glutinous rice pudding)諧音: be homonymous with 舞獅子: Lion Dance 踩高蹺: walk on stilts 吉祥如意: propitious/ auspicious 元宵節(jié)：Lantern Festival 貼對聯(lián): to put up an antithetical couplet 團(tuán)圓飯: family reunion dinner83 the Purpose of Education 香港中文大學(xué)，簡稱“中大”： the Chinese University of Hong Kong, CUHK for short 綜合性大學(xué): prehensive university 融匯中國與西方： bring together China and the west 雙語教學(xué)： bilingual education 書院制度: college system 在??卓然而立distinguish from 主、副修課程: majors’ and minors’ program 交換生： exchange student 相互切磋： learn from each other 繼續(xù)教育： continuing education 課程設(shè)計(jì)靈活: program designed with flexible structure 學(xué)分制: credit system 充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生的潛力： bring out the best in every student 又專又博的人才：talents with a balance between depth and breadth 多元教育: multifaceted education 校訓(xùn): motto 博文約禮: Broadening one’s intellectual horizon and keeping within the bounds of propriety 出自《論語》: sth is taken from the Analects of Confucius 興于詩, 立于禮, 成于樂: It is by the Odes that the mind is is by the Rules of Propriety that the character is is from the Music that the finish is : touch the soul and cultivate the spirit 潛移默化: influence the temperament unobtrusively and imperceptibly 通識教育: allround education 學(xué)而后識禮: moral propriety follows naturally intellectual development ?；? emblem 高貴: nobility 堅(jiān)毅: perseverance91 The Road to a Prosperous City articulate: 闡明 lifeblood: 生命線 multifaceted: 多面的 disruptive: 破化性的 sell policies: 出售保單cluster of innovation: 創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)業(yè)聚集地 underpinning: 基石 internship: 實(shí)習(xí)nurture the rising tide of entrepreneurs through mentoring: 對業(yè)界新秀進(jìn)行幫教 rationalize the regulatory environment: 完善法制環(huán)境 stifle change: 扼殺變革Innovation is the core of the nation’s petitiveness: 創(chuàng)新是一個(gè)國家的核心競爭力 Secure one’s position: 穩(wěn)固某人的位置93 The University Spirit knowledgebased economy: 知識經(jīng)濟(jì)extract the best and explore the greatest: 取精用弘 uninhibited minds: 開放的思想the frontier of discovery: 探索的前沿 disseminate knowledge: 傳播知識 fanciful visionary: 浮想聯(lián)翩的思想家revolutionary explorer: 富有革命精神的探索家 uninhibited executor: 無拘無束的實(shí)干家124 Community Service 國際學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)：international symposium 社會(huì)保障事業(yè): undertaking of social security 奠定物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ): provide a firm material foundation 就業(yè)機(jī)制: employment mechanism 結(jié)構(gòu)性失業(yè): structural unemployment 國際勞工組織: International Labor Organization 聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計(jì)劃署: United Nations Development Program 維護(hù)合法權(quán)益: protect the legal rights 街道委員會(huì): residential district mittee 里弄居民委員會(huì): neighborhood mittee 民政部: Ministry of Civil Administration 社會(huì)福利: social welfare 遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)綱要: outline of longrange objective 不足之處: weak link 非政府組織: nongovernmental organization141 雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)貿(mào)易自由化： trade liberalization 公正地配置資源: allocate resources more effectively and fairly 多邊貿(mào)易體制: multilateral trading system 國際經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序: new international economic order 造福人民: the benefit of people 貿(mào)易摩擦: trade frictions and disputes 明智態(tài)度: wise manner 實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益: tangible economic benefits 獲利豐厚: make a handsome profit 馳名品牌: famous brand 零售企業(yè): retailing firms 不可逆轉(zhuǎn)： irreversible 互補(bǔ)性: enjoy plementarities 據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì): statistics show 勞動(dòng)密集型: laborintensive products 低資本產(chǎn)品: lowvalue products 自動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)處理: data processing equipment 家用電器: household electric appliances 勞動(dòng)力成為優(yōu)勢: labor cost advantage 美中貿(mào)易逆差: US trade deficit with china, 順差：favorable balance 人民幣匯率: RMB exchange rate 知識產(chǎn)權(quán): intellectual property right 高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚的戰(zhàn)略眼光: take a strategic perspective of vision and foresight 奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ): lay a solid foundation for 工商業(yè)界: business munities 切實(shí)有力的措施: take forcible policy measures142 Asian Cooperation 博鰲亞洲論壇：Bo’ao Forum for Asia 博大精深: profound 亞太經(jīng)合組織: APEC 東盟: ASEAN 重要渠道: important channel 獨(dú)到見解: insightful view 全方位合作: develop allround cooperation 次區(qū)域合作：subregional cooperation 形成良性互動(dòng): well plement each other 自我封閉: selfreclusive 排他性集團(tuán): exclusive cooperation 新跨越: new leap forward 恪守入世承諾: honor WTO mitment 有步驟地?cái)U(kuò)大開放領(lǐng)域：open more areas in a stepbystep manner 關(guān)稅壁壘: tariff barriers 完善法制: improve rule of law 透明的市場環(huán)境: transparent market environment 可預(yù)見的: predictable 實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略: carry out “going global” strategy 勤勞智慧: diligent, talented 自強(qiáng)不息: be persistent in selfdevelopment第三篇：口譯筆記要?jiǎng)t筆記是高級口譯的關(guān)鍵。如果完全依賴記憶，又沒有異常的天賦，即使精力充沛的年青人，也不能勝任高級口譯對精確度和耐久力的要求。高級口譯員沒有不靠筆記的。請注意，每個(gè)人的記憶，思維，和反應(yīng)都有各自的特點(diǎn)。最好用的筆記方式是你自己發(fā)展出來的，適合自己的系統(tǒng)。比如，筆記越簡單，記錄就越迅速。所以，筆記多少為最佳，因人而易，需要摸索出適合于自己的平衡。劃線條比寫文字快。兩種情況下應(yīng)該盡量用線條：表示動(dòng)作和動(dòng)態(tài)的詞句。表示因果或前后關(guān)系的詞句。中文里有大量的詞匯是由兩個(gè)，或兩個(gè)以上的字組成。不必多寫?！氨本弊疃鄬憘€(gè)“北”?！皃olitics” 最多寫“poli”，“government”最多寫“gov”，等等。在有上下文的情況下，這不難。聽到“British Prime Minister Tony Blair”，記“PM”，也同樣能說出原文。通用一小組線條/標(biāo)記。階梯結(jié)構(gòu)形象地體現(xiàn)出上下文的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，簡化了譯員的思維過程，方便出譯文。必須發(fā)展自己的漢字快速書寫系統(tǒng)。很多漢字筆劃減少后，并不影響確認(rèn)。這樣，上一段話和下一段話之間，必須有明確的界限。其重要性在于，如果筆記是從本子的1/3處開始的，下一段話可能寫了23頁，翻回來口譯時(shí)，眼光無法確定這頁上面哪一條線，或符號是這次翻譯內(nèi)容的開始點(diǎn)。我剛?cè)腴T時(shí)學(xué)的是每次講話人結(jié)束時(shí)劃一道線。后來，我就干脆把這道手續(xù)推遲到我說完譯文。另外，我覺得劃線不夠清楚，所以現(xiàn)在改為一個(gè)圓圈再一橫線。建議你使用帶有活頁圈的筆記本，見下列照片。筆記本大小以自己感覺舒服為準(zhǔn)。躺在我的巴掌上不大不小，剛剛好?？瞻醉摳鼮槔硐搿Ｓ浲暌豁?，翻過去一頁。然后，譯一頁，翻過去一頁。這等于是用手掌把已經(jīng)翻完的，和下一段的筆記清楚分開。否則，很容易出現(xiàn)講話人收口后，你來回翻找本段首頁的難堪局面。也千萬不要忘記在講話人開口說下一段之前，把已經(jīng)翻完的筆記頁壓到筆記本下。這樣，一手持本，另一手隨時(shí)都可以掏出筆來，一按就開始記。如果筆套不緊的，還時(shí)不時(shí)要掉，很分心。在這里，我將舉實(shí)例介紹我的筆記方法，以及我如何以筆記與大腦短期記憶互動(dòng)的方式保證譯文的精確度?？谧g的聽眾與筆譯的讀者，需求不同，預(yù)期也不同。我將順著例子講下去。人腦思維速度極快，一閃而過的念頭，解說起來會(huì)顯得繁雜。很快你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，我的講解讀起來似乎繁雜，但背后的思路，也就是說一旦使用起來，要明快得多。二者缺一不可。講話原文Following the 1997 election, in which the Labour Party came to power, the macr