【正文】 low, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)例It(so)happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.)(5)It is ved that…=sb/sth is to do(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know）例It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.)(6)It is ved that …(should)…(verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, remend例It is suggested that they should begin with the third 、It作主語的句型 takes sb.? to do?(=sb takes?to do?)某人用多長時間做某事例It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.)39。s(about/high)time that? should /ved?是該做某事的時候了例It39。s the xth time(that)? have ved?第幾次做某事了例It39。s 10 years that he lived here was(not)? before?過(不)了多長時間某動作發(fā)生了例It was not long before they 、It 作形式賓語用來替代作賓語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞，而把真正作賓語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞置于句尾。ll do the task on your +it+adj./noun(one39。s while/a waste of time/money/energy/words)(verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)例I39。t bother to arrange leave it to me to sort ，尤其是表示好惡的動詞后，enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, don39。賓語從句緊跟it之后（except that例外）例I39。當被強調(diào)部分是人時也可以用who。t e to school ? until結(jié)構(gòu)時必須把not與until一起放到被強調(diào)的位置上例It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my 例It was at 7 o39。clock when he came here yesterday.(定語從句)六、It 常用的固定搭配 it(1).在口語當中相當于succeed,表示：成功、做到、說定、趕上、及時到達例It39。t finish it until next week.(2).相當于方式狀語從句，表示“照原樣”例Leave the table as it it were 相當于as one might say, that is to say, 表示“也就是說，可以說，換句話說”例He is, as it were, a modern Sherlock it weren39。t been for?用來引導虛擬語氣，相當于without, or but for, 表示“如果不是??，要不是??”例If it weren39。t be alive 39。s 39。s it.(2).相當于 That39。s it 在口語中，相當于be punished/scolded for doing “因做錯事而挨罵，受責備，受批評，受懲罰”例We39。re late for class it(1).相當于say, insist表示“說，主張，表明，硬說”例Rumour has it that they are getting divorced.(2).相當于get to know something,表示“了解，知道，獲悉”例I had it from John that she was going what it takes在口語中，相當于be well qualified for, 表示“具有成功的條件”例You can take it from me that your daughter has what it takes to be a it seems / at it!(Don39。ll catch it!(You39。s a pity that?, 表示“真不湊巧，真遺憾”例As it happened, they were it turned out,?在口語中，相當于it was found to be in the end, 表示“最后被證明是”例As it turned out, his statement was as it is(they are)在口語中，相當于although it may not be worth much, 表示“雖然沒有多大價值”例You can borrow my exam notebook, such as it it/things 39。t ，表示“不要慌，別擔心，存住氣”例Take it easy!He will do it it from ，相當于believe me what I “請相信我的話，我敢擔保”例You can take it from me that he will make it this what it is worth?在口語中，相當于although I39。s of value, 表示“不管其價值如何”例Here is the article I promise you, for what it39。t hesitate about it!It39。t been decided yet, 表示“那得看情況，還沒有定下來”例—Are you going to the countryside for holiday?—It/That all 39。s decided by “由??決定，由??負責，取決于??”例—Shall we go out for dinner?—It39。t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory (91) ______ matter if he can39。t quite _____ as planed.(2004浙江卷) out out on up19.— What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game.— you want to do is fine with just depends39。t go until midnight that he went midnight when he didn39?，F(xiàn)就英語中的種種省略現(xiàn)象分析如下：一、并列復(fù)合句中的省略在并列句中后邊的分句可以省略與前邊分句中相同的成分。b)Your advice made me happy but(your advice made)Tom 。d)Gao Xiumin was born in 1959 and Fu Biao(was born)in ，傅彪出生于1963年。上述狀語從句在省略時應(yīng)遵循下面原則： 1)當狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時，可以省略狀語從句的主語和系動詞be，這時從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)連詞（as, as if , once）+ 名詞。如：a)Once(he was)a worker ,Pang Long now bees a famous 人，現(xiàn)在變成一位著名的歌手。ll ，要不然你會后悔的。d)While(he was)holding talks with President Hu Jintao ,US President George thanked China for its important role in the SixParty ，感謝中國在六方會談中起的重要作用。f)Olympic gold medallist hurdler Liu Xiang opened his lips as if(he were)to speak。注意：1)當從句的主語和主句的賓語一致時，間或也有這樣的省略,如：Her father told her to be careful when(she was)crossing the 。此時構(gòu)成連詞(if , unless ,when , whenever)+形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。d better not refer to the ，你最好不要查字典。試比較：Tom(whom)you saw yesterday fell ill.(whom可以省)你昨天見到的湯姆病倒了。2）在口語和非正式用語中，關(guān)系副詞when ,where , 和 why 經(jīng)常用that 來代替，甚至還可省略。b)He wants to find a good place(where/that)we can have a piic during the “golden week ”。如：I don39。3．賓語從句中的省略1）在及物動詞后面所接的賓語從句中，連詞that 一般可以省略；但如果及物動詞后面是由that引導的兩個或兩個以上的并列的賓語從句，那么只有第一個that可以省略。s exchange rate is 。2）由 which , when ,where , how,和 why 引導的 賓語從句，可以全部或部分省略。b)He wants to move abroad but his parents wonders why(he wants to move abroad)他想搬遷到國外但他的父母想知道為什么。如：Chirac, President of the Republic of France suggested that the ChinaFrance Culture Year(should)last long in various 。如：(It is a)Pity that I didn’t go to Mary39。6．在答語中，主句可全部省略。三、簡單句中的省略1．省略主語1）祈使句中的主語通常被省略 如：(You)Open the door, 。b)(It)Doesn’t 。d)(Will you)Have a smoke ? 抽煙嗎 ？3．省略賓語 如：—Do you know ? 你認識李先生嗎？— I don’t know(him.)我不認識他 4．省略表語 如：—Are you thirsty ? 你30歲了嗎？ Yes , I am(thirsty).是的，我是。b)(I wish)Good luck(to you).祝你好運/祝你順利。如：a)— You should have thanked her before you left.—I meant to ,but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.—你本該在離開前謝謝她。（2000上海春）b)You can do it this way if you like ，你可以這么做。如 ：a)The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street ,but his mother told him not ，但他母親不讓。3．不定式在句中作某些形容詞的狀語時，常見的形容詞有：happy, glad ,eager , anxious , willing , ready 等。4．不定式作某些復(fù)合謂語時，常見結(jié)構(gòu)如：be able to, be going to, have to, ought to, used to等。五、動詞不定式to 的省略1．主語部分有to do ,系動詞 is 或 was 時，作表語的不定式通常省去to。2．作介詞but ,expect ,besides 的賓語，前面又有實意動詞 do時，：He said that Chen Shuibian had nothing to do except push a pro“independence” “獨立”的時間表外，什么也沒有做。如：All I want(to do)is go to school and study （做）的就是上學，努力學習。如：It is easier to say than to ，做起來難。6．在see ,watch ,notice ,hear, listen to ,look at ,feel ,have, make, let ,observe 等詞后作賓語補足語時省略不定式符號to；why(not)do 結(jié)構(gòu) 中, 不定式不帶to。如：We spent the weekend at the Mary39。