【正文】 on cotton crops in the US. Once the cotton is grown and harvested, so begins the production stage: spinning, knitting, bleaching, dyeing, cutting, sewing, etc.——these processes also use a great deal of water and energy. Commercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater. After the Tshirt is produced, it enters the transportation stage. This often involves overseas shipping. Take a look in your closet. Chances are that most of your cotton garments (衣服） are made in China or India. Garments can be shipped via plane, ship or truck?， all of which spill CO2 into the atmosphere. Calculations show that C02 emissions from light trucks alone amount to pounds per mile. Once the Tshirt reaches the retail market, it is purchased. This stage may seem like the least environmentally damaging part. But consider the number of times you5ve washed and dried your favorite Tshirt. Washing machines are certainly being more efficient. However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load. Such excessive water use is bined with the large amount of energy used by dryers. The final stage of life is disposal. This releases harmful emissions, or involves a landfill where cotton takes years to break down. Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are recycled, which means that consumers send a shocking 85% of these materials to landfills. We all need new clothes every once in a while, but let’s all try to keep in mind what goes into the production of clothing... It has a real impact on the pla. There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact. Reuse and recycle clothes. If they5re too worn out to wear, cut them up and use them as cleaning rags. Donate them to charity or another anization that recycles textiles. When possible, make an effort to buy anic cotton. Turn down the thermostat on your washer, and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it. 43. The underlined phrase “takes a toll” probably means “ ” A. wastes water B. takes a lot of time C. uses energy D. has a bad effect 44. We can learn from the passage that in the US, . A. pesticides in cotton farming cost over 4 billion dollars every year B. C02 emissions of land transport amount to pounds per mile C. about 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materials that are recycled D. about 16, 000 gallons of water is used annually by an average family on laundry 45. What can be inferred from this passage? A. The production process may affect water safety. B .The clothing cost is relatively low in China and India. C. Cotton clothes are buried because they are hard to break down. D. The use stage is the least environmentally harmful of the five stages. 46. What is the purpose of this article? A. To encourage people to donate clothes to charity. B. To promote ecofriendly actions related to clothes. C. To persuade people to purchase more anic cotton. D. To introduce the five stages in the lifecycle of clothing. D Eudaimonia is an Ancient Greek word, particularly stressed by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle, which deserves far more attention than it has because it corrects the shortfalls (缺失） in one of the most central, but troubling words in our modem language: happiness. When we nowadays try to clearly express the purpose of our lives， it is the word “ happiness” that we monly turn to. We tell ourselves and others that the most important principle for our jobs, our relationships and the conduct of our daytoday lives is the pursuit of happiness. It sounds like an innocent enough idea, but too much reliance on the term means that we frequently unfairly tend to quit or, at least, heavily question a great many challenging but worthwhile situations. The Ancient Greeks did not believe that the purpose of life was to be happy。re striving to do justice to our full human potential. 47. What do we know about “Eudaimonia” from the passage? A. It was first created by two Greek philosophers. B . It has received a lot of attention from the public. C. It still has some shortfalls that need to be corrected. D. It was regarded as the purpose of life in ancient Greece. 48. According to Paragraph 3, happiness . A. is the opposite of fulfillment B. is free from physical or mental pain C. stresses the psychological difference D. serves as a respected and noble life goal 49. We can leam from the passage that . A. aiming for happiness may lead to wrong selfblaming B. goals that wound and weaken us result in happiness C. challenges leading to contentment are worth undertaking D. feeling fulfilled means we should avoid tough situations 50. The passage encourages the readers to . A. find fulfillment with all efforts B. seek for a painfree existence C. keep optimistic whatever happens D. balance happiness and suffering 第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；毎小題 2 分，共 10 分） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。 Radar is an electronic device that detects planes, ships, coastlines, landmarks, and even storm clouds. The name radar es from the first letters of the words radio direction and ranging. As the human eye uses light