【正文】 ows. Student: So, for example, if a French pany opened a factory in Canada , then French management would gradually replace themselves with Canadian managers. Is that what you mean? Professor: Right. I think I used that very example in class. So do you want to try to explain the second pattern to me? Student: Sure. I think it乫s the one where home country nationals are put in charge of the pany if it乫s located in a developed country, but in a developing country, then home country nationals manage the pany sort of indefinitely. Professor: Right again. And an example of that would be . . . Student: . . . maybe using German management for a Swiss pany in Germany , but, uh, they might send Swiss management to provide leadership for a Swiss pany in . . . in . . . Professor: How about Zimbabwe ? Student: This is one of the confusing parts. Zimbabwe has a very old and highly developed culture, so乧 Professor: . . . but it乫s still defined as a developing country because of the economic base?which is being developed now. Student: Oh, okay. I guess that makes sense. Then the example of the American pany with British management . . . when the pany is in India . . . that would be a thirdcountry pattern. Professor: Yes. In fact, this pattern is fairly prevalent among multinational panies in the United States . Many Scottish or English managers have been hired for top management positions at United States subsidiaries in the former British colonies India ，Jamaica , the West Indies, some parts of Africa .Student: Okay. So I乫ve got all the examples right now. Professor: Anything else? Student: Just one thing. There were some typical patterns for certain countries. Professor: Like the last example. Student: No. This came later in the lecture. Something about Japan and Europe . Professor: Oh. Right. I probably said that both Japanese multinational panies and European panies tend to assign seniorlevel home country managers to overseas locations for their entire careers, whereas multinational panies in the United States view overseas assignments as temporary , so they may actually find themselves reporting to a seniorlevel manager from the host country who has more experience. Student: So, for example, a Japanese pany in the United States would most probably have seniorlevel Japanese managers with midlevel managers maybe from the United States . But in Japan , the seniorlevel Japanese managers at an American pany would probably have midlevel American managers reporting to them? Professor: Well, generalities are always a little tricky, but for the most part, that would be a typical scenario. Because living as a permanent expatriate is a career move in Japan , but a temporary strategy in the United States . Student: Okay. That乫s interesting. Professor: And important for you to know as a business major with an interest in international business. You乫re still on that track, aren乫t you? Student: I sure am. But, you know, I wasn乫t thinking in terms of living abroad for my entire career. That really is a huge mitment, and something to ask about going in. Anyway, like you say, most American panies view overseas assignments as temporary. That乫s more what I have in mind, for myself, I mean. Paragraph 6Professor: Okay, let乫s get started. Um, as you know today I promised to take you on a walk through the solar system, so let乫s start here with the central object of our solar system?the Sun. As you can see, the Sun is about five inches in diameter and that乫s about the size of a large grapefruit, which is exactly what I乫ve used to represent it here in our model. So, I乫m going to take two steps and that will bring me to the planet closest to the Sun. That would be Mercury. Two more steps to Venus. And one step from Venus to Earth. Let乫s continue walking three steps from Earth to Mars. And that乫s as far as I can go here in the classroom, but we can visualize the rest of the journey. Don乫t bother writing this down. Just stay with me on this. So, to go from Mars to Jupiter, we乫d have to walk a little over half the length of a football field, so that would put us about at the library here on campus, and then to get from Jupiter to Saturn, we乫d have to walk another 75 yards, so by then we乫d be at Harmon Hall. From Saturn to Uranus, we乫d have to walk again as far as we乫d gone in our journey from the Sun to Saturn, and so we乫d probably be at the Student Union. From Uranus to Neptune we乫d have to walk the same distance again, which would take us all the way to the graduate dormitory towers. From Neptune to Pluto, another 125 yards. So, we乫d end up about one third of a mile from this classroom at the entrance to the campus. Okay. That乫s interesting, but now I want you to think about the orbits of the planets in those locations. Clearly, the first four planets could orbit fairly fortably in this room, but to include the others, we乫d have to occupy an area of more than sixtenths of a mile, which is all the way from College Avenue to Campus Drive . Remember that for this scale, the Sun is five inches, and most of the planets are smaller than the lead on a sharpened pencil. Okay, with that in mind, I want you to think about space. Sure, there are some moons around a few planets, and a scattering of asteroids and ets, but really, there isn乫t a lot out there in such a vast area. It乫s, well, it乫s pretty empty. And that乫s what I really want to demonstrate with this exercise. Now, it would really be even more impressive if you could actually make that walk, and actually you can, if you visit Washington, ., where a scale model is set up on the National Mall, starting at the National Air and Space Museum and ending up at the Arts and Industries Museum. I did that a couple of years ago, and it was, well amazing. Even though I knew the distances intellectually, there乫s nothing like the experien