【正文】 dark period鈣調(diào)蛋白鈣調(diào)素calmodulin,CaM ，氫醌hydroquinone氫化酶hydrogenase選擇吸收selective absorption種子劣變seed deterioration種子生活力seed viability種子休眠seed dormancy種子的壽命seed longevity種子活力seed vigor秋水仙素colchicine ，重力勢gravitational potential重力水gravitational water復種指數(shù)multiple crop index復合脂類plex lipids順烏頭酸酶aconitase保衛(wèi)細胞guard cell信號轉(zhuǎn)導signal transduction ，信息傳遞message transportation胚芽鞘coleoptile胚柄suspensor胚狀體embryoid胚胎萌發(fā)viviparous germination，vivipary胚胎晚期豐富蛋白late embryogenesis abundant protein,LEA胚胎發(fā)生embryogenesis胞間連絲plasmodesma胞間層intercellular layer親和性patibility親和力affinity類胡蘿卜素carotenoid類胡蘿卜素途徑carotenoid pathway類囊體thylakoid前質(zhì)體proplastid ，前饋活化feedforward activation逆境environmental stress逆境逃避stress avoidance逆境乙烯stress ethylene逆境蛋白stress protein逆境忍耐stress tolerance總光合速率gross photosynthetic rate活化酶activase活性氧active oxygen ，染色體chromosome染色質(zhì)chromatin染色單體chromatid穿梭運動shuttle streaming誘導酶induced enzyme ，誘導性單性結(jié)實induced parthenocarpy晝夜節(jié)律circadian rhythm晝夜周期性daily periodicity結(jié)構(gòu)酶constitutive enzyme結(jié)合態(tài)淀粉合成酶granule bound starch synthase結(jié)合蛋白binding protein絕對生長速率absolute growth rate，AGR十畫頑拗性種子recalcitrant seed載體carrier載色體chromatophore鹽堿土saline and alkaline soil鹽逆境蛋白salt stress protein鹽溶清蛋白globulin鹽害salt injury熱電偶thermocouple熱休克蛋白熱激蛋白heat shock proteins,HSPs熱害heat injury熱力學thermodynamics莽草酸shikimic acid真核生物eukaryote真核細胞eukaryotic cell真光合速率true photosynthetic rate核基質(zhì)nuclear matrix核酮糖1，5 二磷酸ribulose BF1,5bisphosphate, BFQ RuBP核酮糖1，5 二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶BFQ ribulose1,5bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase，Rubisco核酮糖5磷酸ribulose5phosphate,Ru5P核酮糖5磷酸表異構(gòu)酶 ribulose5phosphate epimerase核酮糖5磷酸激酶ribulose5phosphate kinase,Ru5PK核小體nucleosome核仁nucleolus核質(zhì)nucleoplasm核膜nuclear membrane核糖=5磷酸ribose5phosphate,R5P核糖5磷酸異構(gòu)酶ribose5phosphate isomerase核糖體ribosome核液karyolymph核孔nuclear pore根壓root pressure根冠比root top ratio,R/T礫培gravel culture原核生物prokaryote原核細胞prokaryotic cell原果膠protopectin原生質(zhì)protoplasm原生質(zhì)體protoplast原初電子供體primary electron donor原初電子受體primary electron acceptor 1原初反應primary reaction原初主動運轉(zhuǎn)primary active transport原發(fā)優(yōu)勢primigenic dominance配子體型不親和gametophytic self inpatibility,GSI致電泵electrogenic pump圓球體spherosome鐵硫黃素蛋白iron sulfur flavoprotein鐵硫蛋白iron sulfur protein鐵氧還蛋白ferredoxin,Fd鐵氧還蛋白NADP+還原酶 ferredoxinNADP+reductase，F(xiàn)NR氧化磷酸化oxidative phosphorylation氧自由基oxygen free radical氧飽和點oxygen saturation point1氨基環(huán)丙烷1羧酸1aminocyclopropane1carboxylic acid,ACC氨基酮戊酸aminolevulinic acid氨基氧乙酸aminooxyacetic acid,AOA氨基乙氧基乙烯基甘氨酸 aminoethoxyvinyl glycine,AVG缺綠癥chlorosis敵草隆Diuron,DCMU愛默生增益效應Emerson enhancement effect脂氧合酶lipoxygenase ,脂肪酸fatty acid膠體colloid胼胝質(zhì)callose衰老senescence衰老相關(guān)基因senescence associated gene衰老特定基因senescence specific gene衰減期senescence phase高爾基體Golgi body高效液相層析high performance liquid chromatography高溫脅迫high temperature stress病原菌disease producing germ病原相關(guān)蛋白pathogenesis related proteins,PRs ，病原物causal organism病害disease離區(qū)abscission zone離層abscission layer離子載體抑制劑ionophore depressant離子頡頏ion antagonism離子交換ion exchange離子通道ion channel凋亡apoptosis凋亡小體apoptotic body澇害flood injury酒精發(fā)酵alcohol fermentation流動鑲嵌模型fluid mosaic model被動運輸passive transport被動吸水passive absorption of water被動吸收passive absorption能荷energy charge能量梯度energy gradient通道channel繼代培養(yǎng)subculture十一畫堆疊區(qū)appressed region授粉pollination培養(yǎng)基medium接觸態(tài)建成thigmomorphogenesis接觸交換contact exchange基態(tài)ground state基因組genomes基質(zhì)matrix基質(zhì)片層stroma lamella基質(zhì)類囊體stroma thylakoid基粒granum基粒片層grana lamella基粒類囊體grana thylakoid基細胞basal cell黃素腺嘌呤二核苷酸flavin adenine dinucleotide,FAD黃素單核苷酸flavin mononucleotide,FMN黃化現(xiàn)象etiolation黃質(zhì)醛xanthoxin ,萘基鄰氨甲酰苯甲酸naphthyphthalamic acid萘氧乙酸naphthoxyacetic acid萘乙酸naphthalene acetic acid,NAA ,萌發(fā)germination蘿卜酰胺raphanusamide蘿卜寧raphanusanin萎蔫wilting菊芋素heliangint營養(yǎng)轉(zhuǎn)移nutrient diversion營養(yǎng)生長vegetative growth營養(yǎng)膜技術(shù)nutrient film technique,NFT梅勒反應Mehler39。s reaction副衛(wèi)細胞subsidiary cell酚氧化酶phenol oxidase輔酶A coenzyme A,CoA輔助色素accessory photosynthetic pigments懸浮培養(yǎng)suspension culture甜菜堿betaines第二信使second messenger敏感性sensitivity偶聯(lián)因子coupling factor偶聯(lián)部位coupled site偏向受精preferential fertilization假環(huán)式光合磷酸化pseudocyclic photopho sphorylation 假環(huán)式電子傳遞pseudocyclic electron transport脯氨酸proline,Pro ，脯氨酸甜菜堿prolinebetaine脫落abscission脫落素abscisin脫落酸abscisic acid,ABA脫支酶debranching enzyme脫分化dedifferentiation脫羧作用decarboxylation閾時presentation time羥基丙酮酸還原酶hydroxypyruvate reductase羥脯氨酸hydroxyproline，Hyp粘性plasticity粘附力adhesionJP 粗糙型內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)rough endoplasmic reticulum,RER JP烯醇化酶enolase液晶態(tài)liquid crystalline state液泡膜tonoplast淀粉酶amylase淀粉磷酸化酶starch phosphorylase淀粉體amyloplast ，淀粉合成酶starch synthase淀粉粒starch grain滲透勢osmotic potential滲透吸水osmotic absorption of water滲透作用osmosis滲透脅迫osmotic stress滲透調(diào)節(jié)osmotic adjustment寄主host寄主特異毒素host specific toxin密度density彈性脅變elastic strain蛋白磷酸酯酶protein phosphatase蛋白激酶