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熱電廠輸煤自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)-在線瀏覽

2024-09-09 04:54本頁面
  

【正文】 卸煤停止按鈕卸煤急停按鈕料斗電磁閥1皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)2皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)3皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)上煤啟動(dòng)按鈕上煤停止按鈕上煤急停按鈕AD/BD運(yùn)行選擇按鈕犁煤機(jī)電機(jī)(AD)犁煤機(jī)電機(jī)(BD)4A皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)5A皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)6A皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)7A皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)4B皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)5B皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)6B皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)7B皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)0皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)X1X2X3X4X5X6X7X11X12X13X14X15X16X17X20X21X22X23X24X25X26X27卸煤啟動(dòng)預(yù)告電鈴上煤啟動(dòng)預(yù)告電鈴卸煤故障電鈴上煤故障電鈴料斗電磁閥1皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)2皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)3皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)犁煤機(jī)電機(jī)(AD)犁煤機(jī)電機(jī)(BD)4A皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)5A皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)6A皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)7A皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)4B皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)5B皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)6B皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)7B皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)0皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)Y0Y1Y2Y3Y4Y5Y6Y7Y10Y11Y12Y13Y14Y15Y16Y17Y20Y21Y22整個(gè)熱電廠輸煤控制系統(tǒng)由一臺(tái)PLC控制,而在實(shí)際的運(yùn)行過程中,整個(gè)輸煤系統(tǒng)的卸煤部分和上煤部分是兩個(gè)不同的工作過程,其工作的過程互不受干擾和影響。軟件部分的設(shè)計(jì)主要是公共程序、自動(dòng)控制程序部分,開始執(zhí)行自動(dòng)程序時(shí),要求系統(tǒng)處于與自動(dòng)的順序功能圖中初始步對應(yīng)的初始狀態(tài)。X2和X3是控制卸煤的停止和緊急停止,如圖41所示。當(dāng)按下卸煤停止按鈕時(shí),S24則是傳送帶13的起始復(fù)位開關(guān)。停止:按停止按鈕SB1,系統(tǒng)按順煤流的方向停止,M1和S24被置位,各定時(shí)器復(fù)位,同時(shí)S24被置位,Y4復(fù)位,料斗停止運(yùn)行,T4定時(shí)5s后,S25被置位,Y5復(fù)位,1皮帶機(jī)停止運(yùn)行,接著3皮帶機(jī)同樣延時(shí)5s停止運(yùn)行。故障停止:系統(tǒng)的工作運(yùn)行中,難免有皮帶機(jī)或設(shè)備發(fā)生故障,為了及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)故障的設(shè)備,延長生產(chǎn)設(shè)備的使用壽命,確保工作人員的人身安全,在自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)中設(shè)置故障停止程序是非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。其當(dāng)某臺(tái)皮帶機(jī)或設(shè)備發(fā)生故障時(shí),該皮帶機(jī)或設(shè)備及其前面的皮帶機(jī)或設(shè)備立即停止,而該皮帶機(jī)或設(shè)備以后的皮帶機(jī)待煤料運(yùn)完后才停止。在控制每個(gè)皮帶機(jī)的繼電器線圈的常閉觸點(diǎn)、停止和緊急停止控制的輔助繼電器M1的常閉觸點(diǎn)控制輸出線圈,當(dāng)輸出線圈接通時(shí),常閉觸點(diǎn)斷開,不會(huì)故障報(bào)警而停止,如果輸出繼電器控制的電機(jī)出現(xiàn)故障,常開觸點(diǎn)斷開,常閉觸點(diǎn)閉合,系統(tǒng)報(bào)警,同時(shí)該繼電器線圈和之前的設(shè)備停止,M1的常閉觸點(diǎn)串聯(lián)在個(gè)繼電器線圈的線路上,可以使系統(tǒng)在停止時(shí)不出錯(cuò)而報(bào)警停止,M1的常閉觸點(diǎn)還通過串聯(lián)來控制T1~T3定時(shí)器,系統(tǒng)停止后,定時(shí)器被復(fù)位。S0Y0T0S20SET Y7T1S21SET Y6T2Y2Y2S22SET Y5T3S23SET Y4K50K50K50K50X1T0T1T2T3Y7+M1Y6+M1Y2S24Y5+M1Y2Y4+M1S26S25S27RST Y4T4K50M2T4RST Y5T5K50M2T5RST Y6T6K50M2T6RST Y7RETZRST Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7ZRST Y4 Y5 Y6ZRST Y4 Y5M5M3M4圖42 步進(jìn)流程圖卸煤自動(dòng)控制部分梯形圖如圖43和圖44。SET S22X0X2X2X2X2X2X3X1X3X3X3X3Y0X7X6X5X4T7Y7Y6Y5Y4K600Y0Y4Y5Y6Y7FENDP1T7P0圖45 卸煤手動(dòng)部分梯形圖系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)時(shí),默認(rèn)的是手動(dòng)控制方式,如果不選擇自動(dòng)方式,系統(tǒng)就進(jìn)入手動(dòng)控制方式,Y0接通發(fā)出預(yù)告電鈴信號,定時(shí)器T7接通定時(shí)30S后,T7的常閉觸點(diǎn)斷開,電鈴聲停止。 上煤部分的控制(1)上煤部分的公共程序控制:卸煤部分的公共程序中,初始化脈沖M8002將輔助繼電器M6初始化,利用M6使卸煤部分狀態(tài)初始化。SET M6SET M7SET S41SET M7SET M8SET M8034X12X13M8002圖46上煤公共部分梯形圖其中M8034的作用是當(dāng)按緊急停止按鈕SB2,M8034線圈“通電”,禁止輸出,系統(tǒng)停止,M2的常閉觸點(diǎn)串聯(lián)控制定時(shí)器T23~T27復(fù)位。 (2)上煤部分的自動(dòng)程序如圖47。緊急停止:按緊急停止按鈕SB5,如果系統(tǒng)是AD運(yùn)行方式,則M8034線圈“通電”,系統(tǒng)停止,M8的常閉觸點(diǎn)串聯(lián)控制定時(shí)器T18~T22復(fù)位;如果系統(tǒng)是BD運(yùn)行方式,則M8034線圈“通電”,系統(tǒng)停止,M8的常閉觸點(diǎn)串聯(lián)控制定時(shí)器T23~T27復(fù)位。圖48 4和5皮帶延時(shí)啟動(dòng)停止:按停止按鈕SB4,X12接通,先停止犁煤機(jī),系統(tǒng)按照順煤流方向依次使各設(shè)備停止工作:①如果系統(tǒng)是AD運(yùn)行方式,首先Y10復(fù)位,犁煤機(jī)(AD)停止工作。圖49 AD方式停止工作②如果系統(tǒng)是BD運(yùn)行方式,首先Y11復(fù)位,犁煤機(jī)(BD)停止工作。圖410 BD方式停止運(yùn)行每個(gè)皮帶機(jī)的繼電器線圈的常閉觸點(diǎn)、停止和緊急停止控制的輔助繼電器M4的常閉觸點(diǎn)控制輸出線圈,當(dāng)輸出線圈接通時(shí),常閉觸點(diǎn)斷開,不會(huì)故障報(bào)警而停止,如果輸出繼電器控制的電機(jī)出現(xiàn)故障,常開觸點(diǎn)斷開,常閉觸點(diǎn)閉合,系統(tǒng)報(bào)警,同時(shí)該繼電器線圈和之前的設(shè)備停止,M4的常閉觸點(diǎn)串聯(lián)在個(gè)繼電器線圈的線路上,可以使系統(tǒng)在停止時(shí)不出錯(cuò)而報(bào)警停止,M4的常閉觸點(diǎn)還通過串聯(lián)來控制T8~T17定時(shí)器,系統(tǒng)停止后,定時(shí)器被復(fù)位。分別啟動(dòng)控制犁煤機(jī)、4~7和0皮帶傳動(dòng)電機(jī)的手動(dòng)控制控制開關(guān),就能啟動(dòng)各設(shè)備,同時(shí)X1X13的常閉觸點(diǎn)串聯(lián)控制Y12~Y22,以達(dá)到停止的目的。上煤手動(dòng)控制部分梯形圖如圖411和圖412。Y4到Y(jié)7逆煤方向順序延時(shí)啟動(dòng),即料斗和13傳送帶逆煤方向依次啟動(dòng)。圖53 仿真界面圖53是上煤時(shí)刻X11和X14接通由0傳送帶和BD路線47依次逆煤方向順序延時(shí)啟動(dòng)。本次設(shè)計(jì)采用三菱FX2N系列PLC和電機(jī)結(jié)合達(dá)到自動(dòng)控制的目的,程序主要應(yīng)用步進(jìn)指令和延時(shí)指令,硬件主要由電機(jī)、可編程控制器、接觸器、熱繼電器、熔斷器等組成?!≌雇捎谳斆合到y(tǒng)的環(huán)境十分惡劣,各種干擾信號多,是影響輸煤系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的重要因素。如果實(shí)現(xiàn)了遠(yuǎn)程控制,那么系統(tǒng)更為完善,更為完美。如何將通信部分完美的融入到自動(dòng)輸煤程序中,這將會(huì)是新的挑戰(zhàn)。Technology,2012,(01),+15CNKI.致 謝我終于設(shè)計(jì)完成了基于PLC的熱電廠輸煤自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)。以往,采用的繼電器方式的邏輯控制,控制方式落后,系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜,發(fā)現(xiàn)和排除故障困難。通過此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì),我學(xué)習(xí)了很多新知識、新方法、新觀點(diǎn),更是對我這幾年學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)總結(jié)。這些都為我今后的工作奠定了良好的基石,因此我感到收獲很大。附 錄附 錄A 外文資料Thermal power plant coal system dust removal method and implementation of the principle of coalthe thermal power plant coal system is auxiliary system is an important part of a thermal power plant is to guarantee the stable and reliable operation of the weight to one of the factors. A high reliability and mobility fuel delivery system is set and the whole plant of the stable operation of the important insurance card, its operation has a direct influence on the safe operation of the power plant. Coal system mainly undertake from fountainhead to coal storage yard, again from the store coal yard to host coal bunker, or directly to the host of coal for coal and coal task. This paper introduces the principle of the state overhaul of coal the content of the maintenance and implementation, and puts forward the method of coal dust removal system.A state overhaul, coal principles should be followedCoal is through the state overhaul equipment on static and dynamic monitoring and diagnosis, to grasp equipment performance and health,and equipment on a prehensive analysis and evaluation of it, and finally made a maintenance decision and plan, then plan for maintenance, maintenance division or the whole process of technical improvement. Should follow the following principles:(1) coal equipment state inspection involves maintenance management and operation management and blending, coal, coal, coal, coal unloading the whole process, therefore, the implementation of the state overhaul of key is the organization management, the establishment of a strict organization, responsibility clear, standard unified, coordinated work the network system. Such as decisionmaking function decided to repair project and maintenance time and by which department repair, how to repair。 CaoZuoCeng function is responsible for the repair project specific implementation, according to the maintenance technology and work art standard for equipment maintenance and repair, etc.(2) coal equipment condition maintenance is by the decisionmaking, management, CaoZuoCeng position, the management is the focus of the state the state overhaul system is the best carrier, check the equipment is the use of the senses and simple instrument tools, or precision testing equipment,and instrument, according to the prescribed technical standard, point, quantitative, scaling, personal, or line, fixed cycle, or method, constant .Ins
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