【正文】 working on the farm.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)While（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）I was singing while she was dancing.5. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)（1）表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱I/we時(shí)，用shall。如：They will have a class meeting next Tuesday. 他們下周二將舉行班會(huì)。（3）標(biāo)志詞●tomorrow, tomorrow morning（afternoon/ evening）●next year（week/ month/term…）● in＋一段時(shí)間。否定be后加not，疑問(wèn)提前be。She isn’t going to take part in the party tomorrow. 明天她不將參加這個(gè)晚會(huì)。I’ll tell him the good news when he es back. 當(dāng)他回來(lái)，我就將把這個(gè)好消息告訴他。(3)在口語(yǔ)中，我們可用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)。如：She is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 明天她將去上海出發(fā)。6. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示相對(duì)于過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間來(lái)說(shuō)，將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是：would/ should+動(dòng)詞原形， was/were going to +動(dòng)詞原形。He asked me when he would see me again. 他問(wèn)我什么時(shí)候能再見(jiàn)我?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞說(shuō)明該謂語(yǔ)是屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍。過(guò)去分詞是主要的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，說(shuō)明句子的意義。即動(dòng)作雖然發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況。如：－Havehadyet?－Yes, II’vehad我剛剛吃過(guò)。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。for +一段時(shí)間＝since+一段時(shí)間＋ago。如：Hetaughtsince他自1981年就在這兒教書(shū)。Iseenforyears. 我有四年沒(méi)見(jiàn)到她在這種用法中，要求動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞要用意義相近的詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞be來(lái)代替。→haveput→wearMy father has been away from Shanghai for three days. 我父親離開(kāi)上海三天了。times等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。IbeenBeijingalready常用于肯定句句中，即行為動(dòng)詞之前，助動(dòng)詞之后，變?yōu)榉穸ɑ蛞蓡?wèn)句時(shí)要變?yōu)閥et, yet一般用于句末；just一般也用于肯定句句中。Have you finished your homework yet? 你還沒(méi)有完成作業(yè)嗎？He hasn’t got up late. 他還沒(méi)有起床。before常用于句末。ever 和never 常用于句中，never 本身表示否定。So far he has passed the exam. 到目前為止他考試及格了。I have been to Beijing 。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。試比較： havemybook.我把新書(shū)丟了。Imybook我昨天把新書(shū)丟了。been to 與haveto 的區(qū)別havegone(to)表示“去了某地（說(shuō)話時(shí)某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀?，常用于第三人稱，前者可與oncetimes等連用，后者則不能。haveto HegoneBeijing8. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)（1）表示：過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前就已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作。（2）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成肯定式：“助動(dòng)詞had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”，had沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。如：When we got there, the film had already begun. 當(dāng)我們到那里時(shí)，電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。Had he told you to wear warm clothes before you came here? 在你來(lái)這里之前他沒(méi)告訴你要穿暖和的衣服嗎？How many English words had you learned by the end of last year? 到去年年底為止，你們學(xué)了多少英語(yǔ)單詞？（3）特征時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： ●by（the end of）+表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的短語(yǔ) He had finished writing the story by yesterday. 到昨天為止，他寫完了這個(gè)故事?！裰骶溆靡话氵^(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)?！裰骶溆眠^(guò)去完成時(shí)，before/when從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)?！裰骶溆靡话氵^(guò)去時(shí)，after 從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。（四）常用動(dòng)詞辨析1. bring, take, carry ,getbring “拿來(lái)””、”帶來(lái)”，向著說(shuō)話者方向， take“拿走”，遠(yuǎn)離說(shuō)話者方向，carry是“帶著，搬運(yùn)”，沒(méi)有方向， 而get“去取”，表示去了又回來(lái)了。It looks like rain. Take a raincoat with ，請(qǐng)隨身帶著雨傘。2. wear, put on, dressput on “穿上、戴上”，表示穿的動(dòng)作，后接穿衣服、鞋、帽等；wear是“穿著、戴著”，強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的狀態(tài)，后接衣服、鞋帽等； dress “穿著、打扮”它的賓語(yǔ)是人，不是衣服。It’s cold. You’d better put on your coat. 天很冷，你最好穿上雨衣。 3. take, spend, pay, costtake指做某事用多少時(shí)間,常用句式是It takes sb. some time to do sth.，真正的主語(yǔ)是to do sth.。cost的主語(yǔ)是物，常用句式是cost sb. some money. 如：It took me three days to finish the ，花費(fèi)了我三天。＝She paid more than 500 yuan for the coat. =The coat cost her more than 500 yuan. 4. reach, get, arrivereach是及物動(dòng)詞，后面要直接跟表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。arrive是不及物動(dòng)詞，表示到達(dá)一個(gè)小地方時(shí)，用arrive at, 到達(dá)一個(gè)大地方時(shí)用arrive in。When we got to the cinema, the film had ，電影已開(kāi)始了。5. look, see, watch, readlook 看，表示看的動(dòng)作，look at；see 看見(jiàn)，表結(jié)果；也可說(shuō)看電影see a film；watch 觀看比賽、演出、電視等。如：Please don’t look out of the 。I saw them lying on the beach. 我看見(jiàn)他們正躺在沙灘上。6. look for, find, find out, look after, take care of,如：I looked for my lost pen everywhere, but couldn’t find it anywhere.我到處找我丟失的鋼筆，但是哪里也沒(méi)有找到。如：She looks forward to going to visit her grandparents in Dalian 她期望去拜訪在大連的祖父母?！　ay接說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容，作及物動(dòng)詞。speak強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話的能力或方式，常指能說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言，打電話時(shí)常用它表示說(shuō)話，也有“演講”的意思，不強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容。tell一般用tell sb. (to do) sth. 如：Did you say goodbye to your parents？你和你的父母道別了嗎？He will speak at the meeting 。The policeman told us not to play football in the 。hear表示結(jié)果。如：　　　I listened carefully, but I couldn’t hear ，但是沒(méi)有聽(tīng)見(jiàn)什么。9. borrow, lend, keepborrow指其邏輯主語(yǔ)從別處或別人那里“借來(lái)”東西，常與介詞from連用。keep表示“保存”，與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Could you lend me some money? 你可以借給我些錢嗎？I have kept the book for 3 。 returns B. where。 will return D. when。when在后半句中表示當(dāng)、時(shí)候，狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)情況，根據(jù)后半句應(yīng)該是問(wèn)時(shí)間的，第一空用時(shí)間疑問(wèn)詞when.2.（南通）－Tomorrow will be Father’s Day. What will you do for your father?　　 B. is waking C. wakesas soon as一……就……，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句?！　?.（宿遷）Our teacher said light________ faster than sound. 　 　A. travelled B. has travelled C. is tra