【正文】 wever, winking at students’ unreasonable desires would only result in chaos in education. 量有效的教育，教育的定義 2. 不同的教育階段是否應(yīng)該有不同的目的？ 3. 學(xué)生不感興趣的但是有用的知識技能是否要學(xué)呢？ 4． 由于現(xiàn)實(shí)條件的限制，很難做到完全的滿足個(gè)人的興趣和需要 5．特定 specifically 導(dǎo)致片面 以前的討論，經(jīng)典 ！ 至頂 144 It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value. *a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc. [05/75。 *批評家指經(jīng)常評價(jià)藝術(shù)作品，例如小說、電影、音樂、繪畫等的人。 it is Mozart that posed the miraculous Magic Flute。s evaluation of an art work serves as a filter, which helps us determine which art is worth our time and attention. 比如：每年出產(chǎn)上百部電影， film critic, tickets , movie theatre, 電影票又很貴，需要挑好的推薦給觀眾 比如：聽外國的音樂，另一種語言，需要篩選，和推薦 。 direction 2) 但是通常評論家不知道他們自己在說什么： they do not always know what they are talking about 評論家受自己利益和角度的影響 interests, angle, culture, subjective perspectives 比如小說：上一代 old generation 容易看不慣年輕人，如果里面帶有不敬，過多性描寫 , 暴力 。 opera Ramp。Roll, country music 3）通常藝術(shù)要經(jīng)過年代洗禮： 比如：摸乃，貝多芬，反高 Beethoven?s early listeners, accustomed to the predictable harmonies and melodic lengths of Haydn, dismissed his symphonies as literally causing their ears to hurt. Van Gogh When the French gave the Statue of Liberty to America in 1886, the Augusta Chronicle— in Geia— condemned it as a pagan image unsuitable to our country. 評論家會影響藝術(shù)家： 同主題 討論 ： 至頂 48 The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been fotten. [05/50。而歷史上一些重大的事件和發(fā)展趨勢不是由個(gè)別名人決定的，而是由那些已經(jīng)被人們淡忘的社會群體所創(chuàng)造的。他們有特定的權(quán)利去決定戰(zhàn)爭；重要的是他們有凝聚力和號召 力： 比如：印度甘地；馬丁同學(xué)；林肯同學(xué) 比如：美國有總統(tǒng)一票否決權(quán)；是個(gè)人行為 pocket veto 總統(tǒng)否決權(quán) 比如：孔子，是個(gè)人行為，建立學(xué)校，著書立說 2． 學(xué)習(xí)歷史人物能有大收獲：歷史個(gè)人往往有很特別的特質(zhì)，或者代表性那個(gè)年代。 3． 不要過分，要承認(rèn)勞苦大眾的作用： 如果沒有他們，沒力量，社會變革不會出現(xiàn)； 沒有他們默默支持，歷史人物不會被突出； 當(dāng)代政黨要充分意識到，當(dāng)權(quán)者，要聽大眾的意見，他們是決定社會趨勢的人。 06/6] 一個(gè)人是否為大事由后人評定的而非他同時(shí)代的人。However, in other areas, particularly t。 varies from case to case. 科學(xué)： 1。 06/5] 研究界的一些非主流領(lǐng)域， 比如星象學(xué)、占卜術(shù)和意念及超自然探索，在社會中起到了很重要的作用，因?yàn)樗鼈儩M足了人們無法從主流科學(xué)獲得的需求。 2．但主流更 vital： 對于第一種：人們需要搜集更多資料來考慮以做出明智的決定。比如：不求雨，而人工降雨 第三種：醫(yī)療發(fā)達(dá)可以治了。 06/6] 孩子融入社會的能力決定了社會的命運(yùn)。 這個(gè)自己寫了： 不同意 1， 什么是 socialized, 他和 destiny society 的關(guān)系是什么。主要是法律的健全等 3，什么樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是 better society 也學(xué)我們已經(jīng)做到了，只是沒發(fā) 至頂 185 “Scandals—whether in politics, academia, or other areas—can be useful. They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could. ” [05/64。它們能吸引人們的注意力，而使我們聚焦于問題，以一種演講者和改革家都做不到的方式。對問題的關(guān)注： 比如： 一個(gè)受賄案子，中國那幾年全國整頓風(fēng)氣 比如：偷稅，一個(gè)明星，全國整頓 比如：燒車，戴安那，對媒體 比如：三靈不厚道，對廠商 附錄 2。丑聞的暴光會導(dǎo)致一些問題： 1）水門，對政府的不信任 2）受賄，對政府的失望，影響穩(wěn)定 3）媒 體，對媒體的不信任，覺得都是八卦和狗 4）商家，一個(gè)公司產(chǎn)品問題，消費(fèi)者對個(gè)個(gè)都恐慌 就是整體的信任危機(jī) 4。s major products, before apologized to public. Hundreds of car accidents were directly caused by the break error. Thus, the pany suffered a great goods return, losing not only the market share but also the confidence of consumers. 至頂 38 In the age of television, reading books is not as important as it once was. People can learn as much by watching television as they can by reading books. [05/57。人們從電視上學(xué)到的東西絲毫不比從書本中學(xué)來的少。 holds certain advantages over。 最時(shí)時(shí)的消息 畫面感 temporal, spatial events 比如： 911 事件；印度洋海嘯 2．但是書有書的好： However, the speaker overlooks several respects in which books are inherently superior to television 1）看電視是無目的隨機(jī)，被動的，還有恩多廣告；讀書主動性挑選要吸收的課題。比如： textbook 電視很難理論公式講，要看推斷演義過程要反復(fù)咀嚼。書本可以intellect ,reasoning perspective and insigh 3）書隨身攜帶 portable，比如：上班的地鐵上，大巴上；比如記單詞。 books facilitate learning。 隨說書具有隨身攜帶的方便，以及可以容納更多抽相性東東的特點(diǎn)，但現(xiàn)在的趨勢是電視和 書 一體化，電視也出現(xiàn)了 3G 上的移動電視，隨時(shí)可以看，內(nèi)容上也有了收費(fèi)的無廣告點(diǎn)播電視。 如果想引用的話，上次的“走進(jìn)高層”有對美國最大的圖書商有關(guān) EBook and Mobeilbook 發(fā)展的采訪 部分內(nèi)容同 7 74 （點(diǎn)擊連接） 至頂 50 In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach. [05/30。 同意，不過不同的領(lǐng)域： 有的領(lǐng)域與時(shí)代無關(guān)，如哲學(xué)藝術(shù)；有的有密切，如技術(shù)，商業(yè) 1． 文學(xué)類如哲學(xué)：沒有應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域 比如：研究莎翁詩集 2．藝術(shù)類：本身就是 比如：畫畫， 個(gè)人創(chuàng)作類 2． 研究類，如數(shù)學(xué)，物理：理論與實(shí)際結(jié)合，去外面看可以知道現(xiàn)在的發(fā)展，和人們的需要。還需要鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生，從家教做起 tutor；或者買賣 至頂 83 Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state, even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus accessible to only a few people. [05/47。 至頂 17 There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws. [05/38。社會中的每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該遵守公平的法律，更重要的是，不遵守或者違抗不公平 的法律。有審判就有滿意不滿意， just unjust 在兩方定義不同。 if you break a law—whether you like that law or not—you may be forced to pay a fine, pay damages, or go to prison. 至頂 103 The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives. [05/34。 Insofar as possible 盡可能 不同意 The speaker alleges。 I find this allegation to be specious。 To the contrary,。 it is drawing out of what is in the mind. 孫子兵法 From the ancient Chinese author Sun Tzu39。s military manders and even business leaders gather valuable information that allows them to operate more efficiently and effectively. 4． 對國家忠誠： histories that tell the national story, emphasizing distinctive features of the national experience, are meant to drive home an understanding of national values and a mitment to national loyalty. 比如：美國獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭 總結(jié)：不僅明白，而且提高修養(yǎng) Helps us understand how recent, current, and prospective changes that affect the lives of citizens are emerging or may emerge and what causes are involved Lift spirits. In sum, the speaker fails to recognize that in all our activities and decisionsfrom our grandest to our most rotehistory