初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法句子成分-在線(xiàn)瀏覽
2025-05-21 23:57本頁(yè)面
【正文】 5. 副詞作定語(yǔ)(放在被修飾詞之后):Do you know the young man over there?6. 介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)(放在被修飾詞之后):The students in our class like swimming.狀語(yǔ) 修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞或副詞,有的修飾全句, 用以說(shuō)明地點(diǎn), 時(shí)間, 方式, 程度, 原因, 目的, 結(jié)果, 條件, 讓步等.1. 副詞作狀語(yǔ): The old man is walking slowly. 表方式 The boy is very clever. 表程度2. 介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ): I have lived in Shanghai for five years. 表時(shí)間3. 不定式作狀語(yǔ)I e here to see you. 表目的4. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)The teacher came in, holding a book in his hand. 表方式5. 狀語(yǔ)從句We’ll go shopping if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.狀語(yǔ)的位置1. 在一般情況下,用于句末。這種分詞叫分詞形容詞(the Participle Adjective),實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)單純的形容詞,除表示“完成”的動(dòng)作之外,還表示“被動(dòng)”的意義。 fried chips (炸土豆條)。如: boiled water(開(kāi)水)。 the risen sun(升起的太陽(yáng))等。 The excited people rushed into building. 激動(dòng)的人們沖進(jìn)大樓。(=time which is lost)(2)后置定語(yǔ) ①少數(shù)單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的ed形式,如left等,只能作后置定語(yǔ)。 2. Among the invited were some ladies．被邀請(qǐng)的人中,有些是女士。②動(dòng)詞ed形式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí),通常要放在被修飾的名詞的后面,在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞(僅限于單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞,且不能后置)則表示完成,可改為帶有完成時(shí)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。 (=which was attended by a lot of people) drank some boiled water (=which had boiled )and went on with our 。 二、動(dòng)詞ed形式作表語(yǔ) 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)并無(wú)“完成”或“被動(dòng)”之意，而是表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或思想感情等。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved．當(dāng)我們聽(tīng)到這件事時(shí),被深深地感動(dòng)了。常見(jiàn)的作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞有:amused(愉快的)； broken(碎了的)；closed(關(guān)閉的)；astonished(吃驚的)；crowded(擁擠的)；experienced(有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的)。 married(已婚的)； known(著名的) 等等三、動(dòng)詞ed形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 能用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞,表示被動(dòng)意義或已完成意義,有時(shí)候兩者兼而有之。 She found the door broken in when she came back．她回來(lái)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)有人破門(mén)而人。少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞用作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成后的狀態(tài). They found all the guests gone when they woke ,發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的客人都走了。在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,動(dòng)詞ed形式和它前面的賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。1. I must get my bike repaired．我必須請(qǐng)人修理自行車(chē)。(主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(1)動(dòng)詞ed形式可作表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。I have never heard him spoken ill of 。 (2)動(dòng)詞ed形式可作使役動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。 He was trying to make himself understood．他正努力使別人聽(tīng)懂自己。She had her house repaired．她請(qǐng)人把屋子修好了。He had his hat blown away on his way home．在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。③完成某事(自己也可能參與)。 He has had one thousand yuan saved this year．他今年已存了1000元。He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting．他不喜歡在會(huì)議上討論這樣的問(wèn)題。(4)過(guò)去分詞用在“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 四，過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，但有些過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）因來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表動(dòng)作而表狀態(tài)。 seated (坐)。 dressed in (穿著)。如：Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the ,所以他沒(méi)聽(tīng)到那個(gè)聲音。如：Caught in a heavy rain, he was all ，所以他全身濕透了。(Grown in rich soil相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句If these seeds are grown in rich soil)注意：①當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，才可以把從句的主語(yǔ)省略，且省略掉的主語(yǔ)與其邏輯謂語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系或如第一段中所講的表示狀態(tài)。如：When given a medical examination, you should keep 。[練一練] ，并與AD的漢語(yǔ)翻譯相匹配。 pour。1. ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us.2. ______ (give) time, he’ll make a first class tennis player.3. ______ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.。，我們將給大家一個(gè)非常好的表演。Key: I. 1. spoken。 A 3. Impressed。t e. love each other. did you bye? watched her daughter playing the piano. job today is to help the old. doesn39。 —— —— —— —— ——————主語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)
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