【正文】 tal bed table class town church court等個體名詞直接置于介詞后表示該名詞的深層含義例如go to hospital去醫(yī)院看病go to the hospital去醫(yī)院并不是去看病而是有其他目的四冠詞與形容詞名詞結(jié)構(gòu)1 兩個形容詞都有冠詞表示兩個不同東西例如 He raises a black and a white cat 他養(yǎng)了一只黑貓和一只白貓 The black and the white cats are hers 這只黑貓和這只白貓都是她的2 若后一個形容詞無冠詞則指一個物體例如 He raises a black and white cat 他養(yǎng)了一只花貓黑白相間的典型例題1 If you go by ____ train you can have quite a fortable journey but make sure you get _____ fast one A the the B a C the a D 2 _______ Turners are playing _______ chess while their son is playing ________ piano A a a B the the C The the D The a 3 What ______ fine weather we are having these days A a B an C the D 4 An accident happened at ______ crossroads a few meters away from _____ bank A a a B a C the D the 5 梂hat s this in English 桰its _______ ruler A a B the C D an6 We have three meals _______ days We have ______ breakfast at 630 in _____ morning every day A the the the B the the C a the D a the the7 ______ history of this special Pacific island brought ______ unusual feeling to me第4講 數(shù) 詞表示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞叫數(shù)詞數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞初高中銜接相關(guān)知識數(shù)次在中學(xué)語法中占有很重要的地位在初中階段要求學(xué)生掌握基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞分?jǐn)?shù)小數(shù)以及時刻的表達(dá)和運(yùn)用數(shù)次通常在選擇題和詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題型中出現(xiàn)而在高中的學(xué)習(xí)要求中除了上述的用法外還要求掌握年代表示法年齡表示法以及不定數(shù)量詞多的表示法高中階段一般用選擇題的方式來進(jìn)行考查1 倍數(shù)表示法1主語 謂語 倍數(shù)或分?jǐn)?shù) as adj as 如 I have three times as many as you2主語 謂語 倍數(shù)或分?jǐn)?shù) the sizeamount lengthof 如 The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year2 分?jǐn)?shù)表示法構(gòu)成基數(shù)詞代表分子序數(shù)詞代表分母分子大于1時分母序數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)如13 onethird 23 two thirds3 年代表示法 in the 1990s in the 1990s 20世紀(jì)90年代4 年齡表示法1表示整歲直接用基數(shù)詞或year age 例如He is a twentyyearold man He is aged twenty He is at age twenty He is at the age of twenty2表示在某人幾十多歲用in ones 基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式還可以借助early middle late來表達(dá)得更明確一些例如He is in his seventiesThe girl is in her early twentiesHe is in his middle teens 他今年十四五歲She is in her late twenties 她今年二十八九歲3表示快滿多少歲用進(jìn)行時或?qū)頃r例如He is getting on for eighteen He is going on eighteen years old He will be eighteen years old It will be his eighteenth birthday 他快滿十八歲了4不滿多少歲可用副詞barely nearly almost quite yet just等表示例如She is barelynearlyalmost seventeen She is not quiteyet seventeen She is just under seventeen5表示差多久滿多少歲用介詞off例如 He is five months off nineteen She is three years off fifty6超過多少歲用介詞past 例如He is past fiftyHe is a man past middle ageThe baby is two months past two years old3 不定數(shù)量詞多的表示法被修飾名詞的數(shù) 英語表達(dá) 漢語意思 修飾可數(shù)名詞 dozens of 幾十許多 scores of 許多 many a good great many many a 修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 許多大量 hundreds of 數(shù)以百計(jì) thousands of thousands upon thousands of 成千上萬 millions of 數(shù)百萬 billions of 億萬 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 much a great good deal of a large amount of large amounts of 許多大量 修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞 a lot of lots of plenty of a large quantity of large quantities of 許多大量 典型例題1 About _____ of the workers in that factory _______ young people A thirdfifths are B threefifths are C threefive is D threefifth is2 What a table Ive never seen such a thing before It is _____ it is long A half not as wide as B wide not as half as C not half as wide as D as wide as not half3 During World War II a Jewish 猶太 lady was protected by a local family in Shanghai in her ____ A fifties B fifty C fiftieth D the fiftieth4 ______ the students in this primary school is about three thousand ______ of them are girls A A number of two third B The number of two thirds C A number of two thirds D The number of two third第5講 形容詞和副詞形容詞一般在句子中充當(dāng)定語表語補(bǔ)語有時也充當(dāng)狀語副詞在句子中充當(dāng)狀語修飾動詞形容詞副詞詞組和句子還可充當(dāng)表語和補(bǔ)語初高中銜接相關(guān)知識形容詞和副詞是中學(xué)英語學(xué)習(xí)中的一個重要組成部分在初中只要熟練掌握形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別以及形容詞副詞的比較級和最高級即可而在高中除此之外還應(yīng)掌握兩個以上形容詞作定語時的排列順序考查方式主要是選擇題一用形容詞表示類別和整體1 某些形容詞和形容詞性的分詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類人與謂語動詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式連接如the dead the rich the poor the blind the wounded傷員等2 有關(guān)國家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個民族的整體與動詞的復(fù)數(shù)連用如the British the English the French the Chinese二多個形容詞修飾名詞的順序多個形容詞修飾名詞時其順序?yàn)橄薅ㄔ~數(shù)詞描繪詞大小長短形狀新舊顏色出處材料性質(zhì)類別名詞如a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school三形容詞和副詞變?yōu)楸容^級或最高級形式注意1副詞的最高級形式前的the往往可以省略如He runs the fastest in his class2以ly結(jié)尾的派生詞的比較級和最高級形式一般都在原詞前加上more或most四可修飾比較級的詞1a bit a little rather much many far by far a lot lots a great deal any still even no any等2還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語3以上詞除by far外必須置于比較級形容詞或副詞的前面五兼有兩種形式的副詞1 close closelyclose近c(diǎn)losely仔細(xì)地如He is sitting close to me Watch him closely2 late latelylate晚lately最近如You have e too late What have you been doing lately3 free freelyfree免費(fèi)freely無限制地自由地如You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like You may speak freely say what you like4 deep deeplydeep深表示空間深度deeply深深地常表示感情上的深度如He pushed the stick deep into the mud Even father was deeply moved by the film類似的詞還有high與highlyhigh表示空間高度highly表示程度相當(dāng)于much如The plane was flying high I think highly of your opinion以及wide與widelywide表示空間寬度widely廣泛地在許多地方如He opened the door wide English is widely used in the world六many old far1 如果后接名詞時much more不可數(shù)名詞 many more可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)2 old 有兩種比較級和最高級形式older oldest 和 elder eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的長幼關(guān)系 如My elder brother is an engineer Mary is the eldest of the three sisters3 far有兩種比較級farther和further在英國英語中兩者都可指距離在美國英語中farther表示距離further表示進(jìn)一步如I will go to college for further education in three years 三年后我要到大學(xué)去進(jìn)一步深造七和more 有關(guān)的詞組1 the morethe more越就越如The harder you work the greater progress youll make2 more B than A 與其說A不如說B如He is more lazy than slow at his work He is less slow than lazy at his work3 no morethan 與一樣不比多相當(dāng)于和一樣少矮等如He is no taller than me He is as short as me 另外no more than詞組的意思是僅僅如no more than five years old4 more than 不只是非常但 more than名詞或數(shù)詞時指多于超過如more than f