【正文】 列單數(shù)主語前如果分別有no, each, every 或more than a (an)/one,many a (an) 修飾時，其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。.Lucy and Lily are twinsThe writer and artist has e.Every student and every teach is in the classroom.Many a boy and many a girl likes it.No boy and no girl likes it.Each of us has a new book. Is everyone here today?Somebody is speaking in class. Everything around us is matter若none of 后面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，它的謂語動詞就要用單數(shù)。None of the sugar was left. None of us has (have) been to America.在定語從句里，關(guān)系代詞that, who, which 等作主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。There are a lot of people in the classroom. Threefourths of the surface of the earth is sea.50 percent of the students in our class are girls.此外，還有a number of +復數(shù)名詞有類似的用法（用復數(shù)），但the number of +復數(shù)名詞的數(shù)就得依number 而定（用單數(shù)）。Which is your bag? Which are your bags?Are any of you good at English? Has any of you got a pen?All can be done has been done. All is going well. All have been taken out. All have gone to Beijing.表示時間重量長度價值等的名詞的復數(shù)作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式，這是由于作主語的名詞在概念上是一個整體。The United States is smaller than China.“The Arabian Nights” is an interesting storybook.表數(shù)量的短語“one and a half”后面接復數(shù)名詞作主語時，其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。都屬于形式上是復數(shù)的名詞， 實際意義為單數(shù)名詞，它們作主語時，其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。I don’t think physics is easy to study.trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, scissors (剪刀)等詞作主語時，謂語用復數(shù)，但如果這些名詞前有a(the) pair of 等量詞修飾時（clothes被a suit of 修飾）謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The old are taken good care of there.The beautiful gives pleasure to all.就近/遠一致原則當兩個主語由either or, neither nor, not only but also ,whether or 連接時，謂語動詞和鄰近的主語保持一致,即就近一致。如果其后是由and 連接的兩個主語，則應(yīng)與靠近的那個主語保持一致，即就近一致。Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has e to China.A woman with a baby was on the bus.Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.She, like you and Tom, is very tall.The girls as well as the boy have learned to speak Japanese.No one except my teachers knows anything about it.三、代詞I. 代詞可以分為以下八大類1人稱代詞主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they賓格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them形容詞性物主代詞my, your, his, her, its, our, their名詞性物主代詞mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs2反身代詞myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves3指示代詞this, that, these, those, such, some4疑問代詞who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever5關(guān)系代詞/連接代詞that, which, who, whom, whose, as6不定代詞one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a littleother/ another, all/ both, neither/ either7相互代詞each other,one anotherII. 不定代詞用法注意點類 別區(qū) 別例 句one, some，any和itone可以泛指人或者事（東西），其復數(shù)為ones①We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet. ②Cars do cause us some health problems — in fact far more serious _______ than mobile phones do. some可用于疑問句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答復，或者表示建議，請求等—Your coffee smells great! —It’s from Mexico．Would you like ________? some 和any修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時，some表示某個，any表示任何一個①I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.②—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village? —________way as you please. one指同類中的一個，it指代同一種類的東西?！猅here is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ? —No, I’d rather buy in the bookstore. 。one 。itsome多用于肯定句，any多用于疑問句和否定句①There’s ________cooking oil in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get ________. ,some ,any little,some little,any②We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for ________. ③He doesn’t have _________ furniture in his room just an old desk.A. any B. many C. some D. mucheach和everyeach強調(diào)個別，代表的數(shù)可以是兩個或兩個以上，而every強調(diào)整體，所指的數(shù)必須是三個或三個以上①Each student has a pocket dictionary.Each (of us) has a dictionary. = We each have a dictionary.②Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points.none和nono等于not any，作定語。t mind. A. none B. neither C. either D. all②It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.A. none B. neither C. both D. each四、形容詞和副詞I. 形容詞：形容詞作定語通常前置，但在下列情況下后置1修飾some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞時nobody absent, everything possible2以able, ible結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于有最高級或only修飾的名詞之后the best book available, the only solution possible3alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等作定語時后置the only person awake4和空間、時間、單位連用時a bridge 50 meters long5成對的形容詞可以后置a huge room simple and beautiful6形容詞短語一般后置a man difficult to get on with7enough修飾名詞時可以前置也可以后置，但修飾形容詞或副詞時要后置______to take his adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.(NMET2000) enough students breave students brave enough enough brave注意：多個形容詞修飾同一個名詞的順序熟記口訣就可以順利解題：限定描繪大長高，形狀年齡和新老，顏色國籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠。▲This ________ girl is Linda’s cousin. (05北京卷)A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish1形容詞+名詞+edkindhearted6名詞+形容詞worldfamous2形容詞+形容詞darkblue7名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞peaceloving3形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞ordinarylooking8名詞+過去分詞snowcovered4副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞hardworking9數(shù)詞+名詞+edthreeegged5副詞+過去分詞newlybuilt10數(shù)詞+名詞twentyyear（短語）作伴隨狀語As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead. 當他看著山羊的時候，山羊翻了個身，死了。：1時間副詞soon, now, early, finally, once, recently5頻度副詞always, often, frequently, seldom, never2地點副詞here, nearby, outside, upwards, above6疑問副詞how, where, when, why3方式副詞hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really7連接副詞how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile4程度副詞almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather8關(guān)系副詞when, where, whyIII. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級形容詞和副詞的比較等級分為原級，比較級和最高級。項 目