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m relay, emergency switch, fuse cutout switch, etc. 電器保護裝置:零位保護,過電流繼電器,緊急開關(guān),熔斷保護等。 qualified by authority bureau then can be put into operation. 新安裝和經(jīng)修復的起重機,必須進行試運轉(zhuǎn),經(jīng)有關(guān)權(quán)威部門確認合格后方可使用; ? Requirement prior to crane operation: 操作前檢查要求: Check the transmission parts, decelerator, and ensure the oil is enough。 12 ?Knowledge of Lifting amp。 Rigging 起重吊裝作業(yè)的基本知識 Wire rope 鋼絲繩 Nylon rope 尼龍繩 (化纖 ) Coir rope 棕繩 Clasp 卡環(huán) Rope lock 繩卡 Elasticity conditioner 松緊器 Ropes 繩 (帶 ) Fixture卡具 Hook 吊鉤 Slings 索具 14 ?Slings 索具 Nylon rope 尼龍繩 (化纖 ) Clasp 卡環(huán) Rope Cappel 繩卡 Hook 吊鉤 Slings Legend 索具圖例 Wire rope 鋼絲繩 15 ?Wire rope 鋼絲繩 ? Wire ropes are divided by numbers of strands and the number of wires in each strand. 鋼絲繩按繩股數(shù)及每股中的鋼絲數(shù)區(qū)分。R. Wire rope of 6*19 is used as cable and sling while 6*37 is used in pulley block and as sling. 有 6股 7絲, 7股 7絲, 6股 19絲, 6股 37絲及 6股 61絲等。 6 19鋼絲繩可作纜風繩和吊索; 6 37鋼絲繩用于穿滑車組和作吊索。固定鋼絲繩的一捻 ,在遠離末端連接處的地方有兩條以上斷掉的金屬絲 ,或者在末端連接處有一條以上斷掉的金屬絲 。轉(zhuǎn)動鋼絲繩的一捻中有六處任意分布的斷掉的金屬絲或者在其一股中有三條斷的金屬絲 。 獨立的鋼絲繩外表由于磨損 ,擦洗 ,壓扁或者錘擊等原因磨損了它原來直徑的 1/3。 扭結(jié) ,破碎 ,籠形畸變或是其他的損壞而導致鋼絲繩結(jié)構(gòu)的變形 。 Wire rope should be replaced in several circumstances, including, but not limited to: 鋼絲繩在以下情況下必須更換,但不僅限于 17 ?Wire Rope Usage Regulations 鋼絲繩使用規(guī)定 ? Certificate 證書 All wire ropes must passed the test of LF assigned authority Institute with issued certificate prior to usage。 safe working load. 鋼絲繩所用的吊簽應包括兩個信息 : 鋼絲繩編號及安全工作負荷 Only Wire rope meeting the following requirements can be used at site : 鋼繩只有滿足下面的要求 ,方能在現(xiàn)場使用 : 18 ?Wire Rope 鋼絲繩 Kink 擰曲 Twist 扭曲 Birdcage 籠形畸變 Broken 破損 ?19 ? Introduction of Steel Sling Splicing 鋼絲繩插接的介紹 ? Requirement and specifications for sling splicing 插接的要求與規(guī)定 At least five times are required for each strand of wire rope when splicing. Loop should have minimum 15mm of lap butt at the end, in order to restrain from retraction when sling pulls. 鋼絲繩每股插接的次數(shù)不能低于五次。 20 ? ?Find out the load gravity center。 ?所用的索具必須滿足被吊裝重物的要求 ?Ensure stability of Lamp。 保證吊裝的平穩(wěn) ?Proper lashing method 正確的綁扎方式 ?General Knowledge of Wire Rope Lashing ? 捆綁鋼絲繩常識 21 Example of Tight Lashing Method 穩(wěn)固的綁扎 ? General Knowledge of Wire Rope Lashing 捆綁鋼絲繩常識 Correct 對 √ Wrong 錯 22 ?Fixture卡具 CORRECT 正確 √ Saddle 鞍 UBolt U型螺栓 Installed properly as to number, direction, spacing and torque. 數(shù)量、方向、間距和扭矩都要以正確的方式安裝 ? Proper installation method of “Safe bent” 安裝鋼絲繩夾放“安全彎”方法 23 ?General Knowledge of Guiderope Application 溜繩使用常識 ? It is necessary to use guiderope during Lamp。 ? Functions: ? Ensure the load stability。 increase dynamic load. ? 作用:保證被吊物品的穩(wěn)定性,防止被吊裝物體的擺動,增加動載荷。 ? Note: it is not allowed to pull load slantly. ? 注意:不允許用溜繩斜拉被吊裝物品。 26 ?Knowledge of Safe Lifting amp。R supervisor 吊裝監(jiān)督員 28 Crane operator 起重機司機 ?Staff and Responsibilities 起重作業(yè)人員及其職責 1. Ensure all overhanging parts are fully and safely equipped. Check the levelling of outrigger, verify the loading status of foundation and frequently oberserve the foundation change at the location of outrigger. 保證所有的外伸部分都充分配置并且是安全的 。觀察支腿處的地基變化 . 2. Prior to Lamp。 3. Estimate and calculate the load weight before Lamp。 4. In case of obstacles within radius of turn, any Lamp。 在旋轉(zhuǎn)半徑上有任何障礙物時不能起吊任何物體。R. 在沒有從信號工那里得到清晰的信號之前不能起吊任何物體。 29 Signal Man 信號員 ?Check with the rigger to ensure load is proper equipped before giving the signals. 在發(fā)出信號前和起重工確認,保證吊裝物體裝配得當。 ?Staff and responsibilities 起重作業(yè)人員及其職責 30 Rigger 起重工 ?Inspect amp。 ?檢查保證使用正確的起重器具。當?shù)跷锏跗鹁嗟孛?200mm500mm停止 3到 5分鐘,確保物體穩(wěn)定后再繼續(xù)吊裝 . ?Prevent lifted loose material from falling down and make sure spare parts/ponents are at same length. ?防止吊起的松散材料落下;保證散件吊裝物的長短一致。R. ?采用正確的捆綁方式 ,散件吊點不能少于 2點。R. 在吊裝過程中采用合適的方法避免繩結(jié)損壞。R object height to lessen swing of objects. ? 根據(jù)吊裝物體的高度使用溜繩 ,避免物體的擺動。R Supervisor 吊裝監(jiān)督員 ? Supervise and guarantee the Lamp。 ? Make sure that rigger and signal man are petent. 保證讓有資質(zhì)的起重工和信號員進行吊裝工作。 ? Adopt proper measures to avoid hazards once unsafe situation need to be reported. 一旦有不安全的情況報告,他應采取適當?shù)拇胧?。R safely operated. 保證所有吊裝操作都安全的執(zhí)行 ?Staff and Responsibility 起重作業(yè)人員及其職責 32 ?Distribution of Weight and Gravity Center as well Sling Connection 吊裝物體重量、重心的分配及吊索連接 ?Know the Weight of the Load 了解裝載的重量 ? Use shipping ticket or other documentation as reference. 參照貨運單和其他文件中的數(shù)據(jù) ? Ensure lift calculations are correct 確保提升數(shù)據(jù)計算正確 ?