【正文】
correct.(作狀語) (他們及時交了作業(yè)以便教師批改。現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別在于:現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動的、正在進(jìn)行的動作,而及物動詞的過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成且被動的動作,不及物動詞的過去分詞只表示完成的意義。) *分詞作定語可轉(zhuǎn)換為定語從句 The news is surprising.(作表語) (這消息令人驚訝。) We heard her singing in the next room.(賓語補(bǔ)足語) (我們聽到她正在隔壁房間唱歌。) 賓語補(bǔ)足語在被動語態(tài)中就是主語補(bǔ)足語。) Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.(狀語) (從山頂看,這公園非常美麗。 ? 注意: 1. 分詞作定語,如果是單個分詞,則放在所修飾的名詞之前, 如: spoken English, exciting news。 Reading the letter, she couldn’t help crying.(讀了信,她情不自禁哭了。)此句分詞作伴隨狀態(tài)。 While talking with her teacher, she felt nervous.(當(dāng)與老師講話時,她感到緊張。) 4. 當(dāng)分詞作狀語時,分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致。 ) Given more time, we could do it better.=If we were given more time, we could do it better. (如果我們被給更多的時間,會做得更好。 I am very interested in the interesting story. (我對這則有趣的故事很感興趣。) 6. 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式 being done與過去分詞的區(qū)別。 The problem being discussed now is very important. (正在討論的問題很重要。) I saw many cars being repaired. (我看到許多車正在被修理。) Being cooked, the chicken gave out a wonderful smell. (在被煮的時候,雞散發(fā)出極好的味道。) 動名詞的主要用法 ? 動名詞是由動詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來,在句子中起名詞的作用,但又保持動詞的特征,可有自己的賓語或狀語,構(gòu)成動名詞短語。) Talking is easier than doing.(作主語) (說比做容易。) My job is teaching English.(作表語) (我的工作是教英語。) He enjoys listening to the music.(作賓語) (他喜歡聽音樂。) There is a new swimming pool in our school.(作定語) (在我們學(xué)校有一個新的游泳池。) ? 注意: 1. 由物主代詞或名詞所有格加上動名詞可以構(gòu)成動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。) 但通常在非正式場合,可以用人稱代詞賓格代替物主代詞,用名詞普通格代替所有格。) Do you mind me closing the door? I remember Tom going there. 2. 動名詞作主語時,該主語被看作是單數(shù);并列的動名詞作主語時,被看作為復(fù)數(shù)。) Saying and doing are two different things. (說的和做的是兩件不同的事。 living cells=The cells which are living.( living為分詞)(活細(xì)胞) sleeping pills=the pills for sleeping( sleeping為動名詞)(安眠藥) ② 作表語時的區(qū)別: 動名詞作表語表示主語的內(nèi)容,具有名詞的性質(zhì);而現(xiàn)在分詞作表語則表示主語的狀態(tài)及特征,具有形容詞性質(zhì)。) His hobby is interesting.(作現(xiàn)在分詞,interesting具形容詞性,此句主語和表語不能倒過來講。) ② 不定式與分詞作狀語時的區(qū)別: 不定式一般可作原因、目的和結(jié)果狀語,而分詞可作時間、原因、條件、方式、讓步、伴隨等狀語。 In order to catch the bus, he ran faster. He ran faster so as to catch the bus.(他跑得更快為了趕上汽車。 he is such a lovely girl as to be loved by everyone. (她如此可愛,受到每個人的喜愛。) so… as to, such… as to, enough to, too… to等表示結(jié)果或程度。) Not having been there before, he got lost in the