【正文】 irrigate the rectangular field that minimizes the amount of time required by a rancher to maintain the irrigation system. One pipe set is used in the field. You should determine the number of sprinklers and the spacing between sprinklers, and you should find a schedule to move the pipes, including where to move them. A pipe set consists of a number of pipes that can be connected together in a straight line. Each pipe has a 10 cm inner diameter with rotating spray nozzles that have a cm inner diameter. When put together the resulting pipe is 20 meters long. At the water source, the pressure is 420 Kilo Pascal’s and has a flow rate of 150 liters per minute. No part of the field should receive more than cm per hour of water, and each part of the field should receive at least 2 centimeters of water every 4 days. The total amount of water should be applied as uniformly as possible. 2022 B Wheel Chair Access at Airports One of the frustrations with air travel is the need to fly through multiple airports, and each stop generally requires each traveler to change to a different airplane. This can be especially difficult for people who are not able to easily walk to a different flight39。s waiting area. One of the ways that an airline can make the transition easier is to provide a wheel chair and an escort to those people who ask for help. It is generally known well in advance which passengers require help, but it is not unmon to receive notice when a passenger first registers at the airport. In rare instances an airline may not receive notice from a passenger until just prior to landing. Airlines are under constant pressure to keep their costs down. Wheel chairs wear out and are expensive and require maintenance. There is also a cost for making the escorts available. Moreover, wheel chairs and their escorts must be constantly moved around the airport so that they are available to people when their flight lands. In some large airports the time required to move across the airport is nontrivial. The wheel chairs must be stored somewhere, but space is expensive and severely limited in an airport terminal. Also, wheel chairs left in high traffic areas represent a liability risk as people try to move around them. Finally, one of the biggest costs is the cost of holding a plane if someone must wait for an escort and bees late for their flight. The latter cost is especially troubling because it can affect the airline39。D), or through other mechanisms. Any gains from such spending would move the date of development you assumed in Task 2 to some earlier date. Here is a zip file which contains a PDF of the problem and all associated data (10) files. (File Size 3MB) 2022 A Flood Planning Lake Murray in central South Carolina is formed by a large earthen dam, which was pleted in 1930 for power production. Model the flooding downstream in the event there is a catastrophic earthquake that breaches the dam. Two particular questions: Rawls Creek is a yearround stream that flows into the Saluda River a short distance downriver from the dam. How much flooding will occur in Rawls Creek from a dam failure, and how far back will it extend? Could the flood be so massive downstream that water would reach up to the . State Capitol Building, which is on a hill overlooking the Congaree River? 2022 B Tollbooths Heavilytraveled toll roads such as the Garden State Parkway, Interstate 95, and so forth, are multilane divided highways that are interrupted at intervals by toll plazas. Because collecting tolls is usually unpopular, it is desirable to minimize motorist annoyance by limiting the amount of traffic disruption caused by the toll plazas. Commonly, a much larger number of tollbooths is provided than the number of travel lanes entering the toll plaza. Upon entering the toll plaza, the flow of vehicles fans out to the larger number of tollbooths, and when leaving the toll plaza, the flow of vehicles is required to squeeze back down to a number of travel lanes equal to the number of travel lanes before the toll plaza. Consequently, when traffic is heavy, congestion increases upon departure from the toll plaza. When traffic is very heavy, congestion also builds at the entry to the toll plaza because of the time required for each vehicle to pay the toll. Make a model to help you determine the optimal number of tollbooths to deploy in a barriertoll plaza. Explicitly consider the scenario where there is exactly one tollbooth per ining travel lane. Under what conditions is this more or less effective than the current practice? Note that the definition of optimal is up to you to determine. 2022 C Nonrenewable Resources Select a vital nonrenewable or exhaustible resource (water, mineral, energy, food, etc.) for which your team can find appropriate worldwide historic data on its endowment, discovery, annual consumption, and price. The modeling tasks are: 1. Using the endowment, discoveries, and consumption data, model the depletion or degradation of the modity over a long horizon using resource modeling principles. 2. Adjust the model to account for future economic, demographic, political and environmental factors. Be sure to reveal the details of your model, provide visualizations of the model’s output, and explain limitations of the model. 3. Create a fair, practical harvesting/management policy that may include economic incentives or disincentives, which sustain the usage over a long period of time while avoiding severe disruption of consumption, degradation or rapid exhaustion of the resource. 4. Develop a security policy that protects the resource against theft, misuse, disruption, and unnecessary degradation or destruction of the resource. Other issues that may need to be addressed are political and security management alternati