【正文】
k k n nk k k kk k k k k n k nk k kk k k n k nkkk k k n ka a a a a aa a a a aa a a aa a aa a a??????? ? ?? ? ? ? ???? ? ? ?( 1 )( 1 ),1( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ), 1 , 10 0 0kknk k kn k nn n nAa a a???? ? ??????????????????消元過程( 4) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 )11 12 1 , 1 1 , 1 1 , 1( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )22 2 , 1 2 , 2 2 , 1( ) ( ) ( ) ( ), 1 , 1()( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )2 , 2 2 , 1 2 , 2 , 1( 1 ) (1 , 1 1 ,k k n nk k n nk k k kk k k k k n k nnn n n nn n n n n n n nnnn n n na a a a a aa a a a aa a a aAa a a aaa??????? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ? ??1 ) ( 1 )1 , 1( ) ( ),1nnnnnnn n naaa?????????????????回代過程( 1) ( 1 )( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 )1 , 111 12 1 , 1 1( 2 )( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )2 , 122 2 , 1 2( 1 )( 1 ) ( 1 )1 , 11 , 1 1 ,()(),1,nnnnnnnnnnnn n n nnnnnnnaa a a aaa a aUyaaaaa?????????? ? ???????????????????????????? ??回代過程( 2) Ux y? 11 1 1 2 1 , 1 122 2 2 , 1 211 , 1 1 ,nnnnnn n n nnnnyu u u uyu u uUyyuuyu???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????1 1 1 1 2 2 1 , 1 1 1 12 2 2 2 , 1 1 2 21 , 1 1 1 , 1n n n nn n n nn n n n n n nn n n nu x u x u x u x yu x u x u x yu x u x yu x y????? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ??? ? ? ????????? ??回代過程( 3) 1 1 ,11 , 1(), n n n nnnnn n n ny u xyxxuu????????1 ( 1 , 2 , 1 )ni ij jjiiiiy u xx i n nu???? ? ? ??一 般 地 若 A的所有順序主子式 /* determinant of leading principal submatrices */ 均不為 0,則高斯消元無需換行即可進行到底,得到唯一解。 解線性方程組的直接法 /* Direct Method for Solving Linear Systems */ 求解 A x b?167。 1 高斯消元法 /* Gaussian Elimi