【正文】
,編程語言也不一致。 為實(shí)現(xiàn)被控對象的工藝要求,以及生產(chǎn)效率和產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量的進(jìn)一步提高最大限度地發(fā)揮 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢。 ( 2) 根據(jù)控制要求確定所需要的用戶輸入、輸出設(shè)備、據(jù)此確定 PLC 的 I/O點(diǎn)數(shù)。 ( 4)分配 PLC 的 I/O 接口,設(shè)計(jì) I/O 電氣接口接圖。 PLC 程序設(shè)計(jì)的步驟 ( 1)繪制系統(tǒng)流程圖 ( 2)設(shè)計(jì)梯形圖 ( 3)根據(jù)梯形圖編制程序清單 ( 4)用編程其將程序鍵入到 PLC 的用戶程序存儲(chǔ)器中,并檢驗(yàn)后鍵入的程 序是否正確。 b、控制要求主要指控制的基本方式、應(yīng)完成的動(dòng)作、自動(dòng)工作循環(huán)的組成、 必要的保護(hù)和聯(lián)鎖等。 自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 9 ( 2)確定 I/O 設(shè)備 根據(jù)被控對象對 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)的功能要求,確定系統(tǒng)所需的用戶輸入、輸出設(shè)備。 ( 3)選擇合適的 PLC 類型 根據(jù)已確定的用戶 I/O 設(shè)備,統(tǒng)計(jì)所需的輸入信號(hào)和輸出信號(hào)的點(diǎn)數(shù),選擇合適的 PLC 類型,包括機(jī)型、容量的選擇、 I/O 模塊的選擇、電源模塊的選擇等。接著就可以進(jìn)行 PLC 程序設(shè)計(jì),同時(shí)可進(jìn)行控制柜或操作臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)和現(xiàn)場施工。這一步是整個(gè) 應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的最核心工作,也是比較困難的一步,要設(shè)計(jì)好梯形圖,首先要十分熟悉控制要求,同時(shí)還要有一定的電氣設(shè)計(jì)的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)使用可編程序控制器的輔助編程軟件在計(jì)算機(jī)上編程時(shí),可通過上下位機(jī)的連接電纜將程序下載到 PLC 中去。因?yàn)樵诔绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)過程中,難免會(huì)有疏漏的地方。 ( 8)分配輸入 /輸出點(diǎn) 一般輸入點(diǎn)和輸入信號(hào)、輸出點(diǎn)和輸出控制是一一對應(yīng)的。在個(gè)別情況下,也有兩個(gè)信號(hào)用一個(gè)輸入點(diǎn)的,那樣就應(yīng)在接入輸入點(diǎn)前,按邏輯關(guān)系接好線(如兩個(gè)觸點(diǎn)先串聯(lián)或并聯(lián)),然后再接到輸入點(diǎn)。必須參閱有關(guān)操作手冊。 從功能上講,內(nèi)部輔助繼電器相當(dāng)于傳統(tǒng)電控柜中的中間繼電器。根據(jù)程序設(shè)計(jì)的需要,應(yīng)合理安排 PLC 的內(nèi)部輔助繼電器,在設(shè)計(jì)說 明書中應(yīng)詳細(xì)列出各內(nèi)部輔助繼電器在程序中的用途,避免重復(fù)使用。 ( 11)分配定時(shí)器 /計(jì)數(shù)器 PLC 的定時(shí)器 /計(jì)數(shù)器數(shù)量分別見有關(guān)操作手冊。 在了解了 PLC 程序結(jié)構(gòu)之后,就要具體地編制程序了。 圖解法編程,圖解法是靠畫圖進(jìn)行 PLC 程序設(shè)計(jì)。在畫完各個(gè)步進(jìn)的狀態(tài)流程圖之后,可以利用步進(jìn)順控指令方便地編寫控制程序。 ( 1) 按下啟動(dòng)按扭及水位選擇開關(guān),開始進(jìn)水,水滿(即水位到達(dá)高低)時(shí)停止進(jìn)水。 ( 3)洗滌時(shí),正轉(zhuǎn) 15 秒后暫停,暫停 3 秒后開始反轉(zhuǎn)洗滌,反轉(zhuǎn)洗滌 15秒后暫停,暫停 3 秒。脫水 10 秒即完成一次從進(jìn)水到脫水的工作循環(huán)過程。 ( 6)報(bào)警 10 秒結(jié)束全部過程,自動(dòng)停機(jī)。當(dāng)水位到達(dá)高水位時(shí), X3 為 ON, M0 自鎖,同時(shí)斷開進(jìn)水電磁閥,同時(shí) T0為 ON,記時(shí) 2 秒。15s 后, T1 觸點(diǎn)動(dòng)作,使 Y1 為 OFF,停止正向洗滌,并啟動(dòng)定時(shí)器 T2。反洗 15s 后, T3 觸點(diǎn)動(dòng)作,使 Y2(反轉(zhuǎn)洗滌 )為 OFF,停止反向洗滌,并啟動(dòng)定時(shí)器 T4。當(dāng) C100 滿 3 且進(jìn)入工步 S23(脫水)后,邊排水邊脫水同時(shí) T5記時(shí) 10 秒, 10 秒后 C101 通記數(shù)一次若 C101 不為 3 則進(jìn)入工步 s20 開始大循環(huán),若 C101 是 3 則進(jìn)入工步 S24,開始報(bào)警接通 Y5(報(bào)警)同時(shí) T6 記時(shí) 10 秒后 T6觸點(diǎn)通,復(fù)位 S20~S24,程序結(jié)束。開始做設(shè)計(jì)運(yùn)用了我在大學(xué)三年所學(xué)的東西,而且還運(yùn)用了我們從未接觸過的東西。我的設(shè)計(jì) 雖然只是非常簡單的 PLC,我明白了無論做什么事情都不能輕視,否則什么也干不成。 自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 21 致謝 感謝老師在兩年內(nèi)孜孜不倦的教育我們,傳授先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和技能,讓我們有一技之長,可以在社會(huì) 上找到滿意的工作。 由于本人的學(xué)識(shí)水平、時(shí)間和精力有限,文中有許多不盡人意和不完善之處,我將在以后的工作、學(xué)習(xí)中不斷加以思考和完善。s Shaanxi province pass through a stop on the ancient Silk Road, Gansu39。80s. We sat on the back of pickup trucks for hours. The sky was blue, and we couldn39。t have a formal stage. The audience just sat on the grass. Usually, the performances became a big party with local people joining in. For him, the rewarding part about touring isn39。s performers of the troupe still tour the region39。s Poly Theater. Their show, titled Ulan Muqir on the Grassland, depicted the history and development of the art troupe. Being from the region allowed me to embrace the culture of Inner Mongolia and being a member of the troupe showed me where I belonged, Nasun, the art troupe39。s Liaoning province, decades ago. The solider gave the old man a handmade saddle when they bid farewell. The story inspired Nasun to write Carved Saddle, a song that later became one of his most popular numbers. Now, every year, Nasun recruits young singers and dancers for the troupe. The troupe has also designed a new repertoire, which is mostly based on the daily lives of Mongolian people, especially the lives of nomadic families, and has bined contemporary musical elements with folk songs of the region. Haimu, a 25yearold khoomei (a local variant of overtone singing) singer, joined the troupe three years ago. Along with a sixmember band, he performs fast songs and soft ones that he writes- all while playing the horsehead fiddle.Although I learned the piano since childhood and grew up listening to various kinds of music, to me, the folk music of Inner Mongolia is the root, he says. Performing in remote villages is pleasant. I feel at home on the boundless grasslands, and the warm people there make me feel fulfilled. The first round of spring auction season in Beijing ended last week, but it failed to create much spring in the art market. Although two pieces of Chinese painting fetched more than 100 million yuan, the decline in trading volume and sa le rate showed a downturn this year. In the ―Grand View: Chinese Painting Highlight‖ session at China Guardian 2021 spring auctions, Pan Tianshou’s representative work Eagle, Rock and Flora hit a record auction price of 279 million yuan, while Li Keran’s masterwork Jinggang Mountain fetched million yuan, an unexpected high in recent years. However, the trading volume fells to billion yuan from billion yuan in the same period the year before. The Huangchen 2021 Spring Auctions, which recorded million yuan in total sales, experienced the same. The section number w