【正文】 made by football referees C) set a standard for football refereeing D) reexamine the rules for football refereeing （ 2） The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ________. A) slightly above average B) higher than in the 1998 World Cup C) quite unexpected D) as high as in a standard match （ 3） The findings of the experiment show that ________. A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball B) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors C) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur D) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot （ 4） The word “officials” (Line 2, ) most probably refe rs to ________. A) the researchers involved in the experiment B) the inspectors of the football tournament C) the referees of the football tournament D) the observers at the site of the experiment （ 5） What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment? A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45. B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee. C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible. D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition. The sentences are taken from the Reading Passage you have just read in Part One. You should refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context and then translate them into Chinese. 1. Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing（裁判） decisions that denied victory to their team. 2. Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. 3. If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. 答案部分 一、綜合題。 2. 觀察家記錄下了裁判的失誤 ,而本次比賽的錯(cuò)誤超過了 61 個(gè)。 3. 研究者認(rèn)為，如果國(guó)際足聯(lián) —— 足球的國(guó)際班底 —— 想要提高下屆世界杯的裁判水平 ,就應(yīng)當(dāng)鼓勵(lì)裁判員在一定距離之外觀察比賽，而不是急于跟著球運(yùn)動(dòng)。 1. Understanding the text Choose the best answer for each of the following questions according to the text Believe it or not, optical illusion (錯(cuò)覺 ) can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形 ), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington . is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speedrelated hazards are the greatest— curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers bee used to seeing the painted bars. Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents. （ 1） The passage mainly discusses ________. A) a new way of highway speed control B) a new pattern for painting highways C) a new approach to training drivers D) a new type of optical illusion （ 2） On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that ________. A) they should avoid speedrelated hazards B) they are driving in the wrong lane C) they should slow down their speed D) they are approaching the speed limit （ 3） The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former ________. A) can keep drivers awake B) can cut road accidents in half C) will have a longer effect on drivers D) will look more attractive （ 4） The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to ________. A) try out the Japanese method in certain areas B) change the road signs across the country C) replace straight, horizontal bars with chevrons D) repeat the Japanese road patterns （ 5） What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads? A) They are falling out of use in the United States B) They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time. C) They are applicable only on broad roads. D) They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles. 答案部分 一、綜合題。 1. Understanding the text Choose the best answer for each of the following questions according to the text Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting. One of the best things you can do for your dog