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20xx屆中考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)-在線瀏覽

2025-04-06 22:42本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 , big or small. (4) the+形容詞表示一類(lèi)人或物 The rich should help the poor. 2. 副詞的用法 (1) 副詞在句中可作狀語(yǔ) ,表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間副詞有:now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always 等。常見(jiàn)的地點(diǎn)副詞有:here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out 等。常見(jiàn)的方式副詞有:anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide 等。常見(jiàn)的程度副詞有:much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, pletely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly 等。常見(jiàn)的疑問(wèn)副詞有: how, when, where, why 等。如果動(dòng)詞帶有賓語(yǔ),則放在賓語(yǔ)之后。例如: He usually gets up early. I’ve never heard him singing. She is seldom ill. 3)程度副詞一般放在所修飾的形容詞和副詞的前面 , 但 enough作副詞用時(shí),通常放在被修飾詞的后面。例如: On my way home, I met my uncle. The students there have a lot time to do their own research work. (3)部分常用副詞的用法 1) very, much 這兩個(gè)副詞都可表示 “很 ”,但用法不同。例如: She is a very nice girl I’m feeling much better now. Much 可以修飾動(dòng)詞,而 very 則不能。例如: She can dance, and I can dance, too. I haven’t read the book and my brother hasn’t either. 3) already, yet already 一般用于語(yǔ)肯定句, yet 一般用于否定句。 例如: My brother likes football and so do I. My brother doesn’t like dancing and neither do I. 3. 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) (1) 兩個(gè)人或事物的比較時(shí) (不一定每一方只有一個(gè)人或一個(gè)事物 ),用比較 級(jí)。 It’s most dangerous to be here. 在這兒太危險(xiǎn)。 The more you study, the more you know. (4) 形容詞比較級(jí) + and + 形容詞比較級(jí) , 表示 越來(lái)越 ... 。表示兩者對(duì)比相同。 He always helps the poor. (7) 形容詞和副詞最高級(jí)用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人和物進(jìn)行比較。 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)用共有十六種時(shí)態(tài),其中常用的有 8種,它們是:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)和過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學(xué)事實(shí)。 Pride goes before a fall. 【注意】此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中,即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 I don39。 The train es at 3 o39。 I39。 I worked in that factory last year. 【注意】 1) 過(guò)去經(jīng)常反 復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可用 used to或 would加動(dòng)詞原形來(lái)表達(dá),例如: I used to go fishing on Sundays. 2) “used to”也可用于表示過(guò)去曾經(jīng)存在過(guò)的狀態(tài)。例如: I shall attend the meeting tomorrow. 2)表示將來(lái)反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 I will do my best to catch up with them. Shall I open the door? 4) be + going + 動(dòng)詞不定式。 I am going to Beijing next week. 5) be + 動(dòng)詞不定式。 There is to be a meeting this afternoon. We are to meet the guests at the station. 6) be about + 動(dòng)詞不定式,表示馬上,很快作某事。 What are you doing now? I am looking for my key. 2) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(但說(shuō)話時(shí)這個(gè)動(dòng)作不一定在進(jìn)行)。 They are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. 【注意】有些動(dòng)詞一般不可以用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) ①表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞,尤其是靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如: be, have ②表示認(rèn)識(shí)、知覺(jué)和情感的動(dòng)詞,如: know, think, hear, find, see, like, want, wish, prefer 等。 I have bought a tenspeed bicycle. They have cleaned the classroom. 2) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,或者還有可能持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 We have lived here since 1976. They have waited for more than two hours. 【注意】 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別 過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響;一般過(guò) 去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。) ( 6)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法 表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作。 We had already learned two thousands words by the end of last year. When we arrived at the station, they had waited for more than twenty minutes. ( 8)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在地狀態(tài),過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)較多地被運(yùn)用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 The children were taken good care of by her. 【注意】 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的介詞或副詞變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)不可遺漏。此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞為感官動(dòng)詞,如: feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch 等。例如: The food tastes good. 對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)是:感官動(dòng)詞后不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞 ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法;一些特殊動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)不帶 to,但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)就要帶 to;有些動(dòng)詞既可接不定式也可接動(dòng) 詞 ing形式作賓語(yǔ),但表達(dá)的意思不同。 ( 1)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞指的是在句中起名詞,形容詞或副詞作用的動(dòng)詞形式,而不是作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞形式。 ( 2)不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) Father will not allow us to play on the street. ( 3)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. ( 4)用不定式和分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)都可以的動(dòng)詞 這樣 的動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞如: see, hear, look, notice, observe, feel等,使役動(dòng)詞如: have, make, leave, keep, get等。 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看見(jiàn)他在花園里干活了。 ( 5)用不帶 to不定式的情況 使役動(dòng)詞如: let, have, make等和感官動(dòng)詞如: see, watch, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作賓補(bǔ),省略 to。 ( 6)接動(dòng)名詞與不定式意義不同 1) stop to do 停止,中斷做某事后去做另一件事。 2) fet to do 忘記要去做某事。 (已做 ) 3) remember to do 記得去做某事 (未做 ) remember doing 記得做過(guò)某事 (已做 ) 4) try to do 努力,企圖做某事。 5) go on to do 做了一件事后,接著做另一件事。 6) mean to do 打算、想 mean doing 意味著 4. 容易混淆的常用動(dòng)詞的辨析 (1) say, speak, talk, tell 的用法。 He said he would go there. It39。 Do you speak English? May I speak to Mr Pope, please? 3) talk 表示 “談話 ”,是不及物動(dòng)詞,與 to , about, with 等連用,才可以接賓語(yǔ)。 She told us an interesting story yesterday. My teacher told me that we would have an English exam the next month. (2) look, see, watch 和 watch 的用法。 Look! The girl is swimming in the lake. Look at the picture carefully. Can you find something unusual? 2) see 指 “看見(jiàn) ”某物,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是結(jié)果。t see the words on the blackboard. Does Lily often go to see a film on Sunday? 3) watch 指的是 “觀看 ”, “注視 ”之意。 Don39。 1) borrow 意 思為 “借入 ”,常常與 from 連用,是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,表示瞬間即能完成的動(dòng)作。 Uncle Wany has lent his car to Mr Li. Could you lend us your radio, please? 3) keep 是 “保存 ”的意思,動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)。 1) bring 意思為 “拿來(lái) ”、 “帶來(lái) ”。 Bring me the book, please. May I bring Jim to see you next Saturday? 2) take 意思是 “拿走 ”, “帶走 ”,把某物或某人 從這里 “帶來(lái) ”或 “拿到 ”某處之意。 Do you always carry a handbag? The box is heavy. Can you carry it? 4) get 是去某處將某物拿回來(lái)。 Tom always wears black shoes. He wears a raincoat even when it is fine. She doesn39。著重于穿戴的動(dòng)作。s cold. You39。作 “穿著 ”解時(shí),只用于穿衣服,不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套。dress sb. (給某人穿衣服),而 wear 作 “穿著 ”用時(shí),也是及物動(dòng)詞,但它的賓語(yǔ)是物,不是人,即 wear sth.(穿著衣物)
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