外文翻譯--城市環(huán)境下的綠色屋頂-環(huán)境工程-在線瀏覽
2025-07-31 07:32本頁面
【正文】 e for lessening the rigid, boxtype effect of buildings. In the 1920’s Le Corbusier, in his acclaimed thesis on modern architecture, already pointed out the potentials for expanding the active living areas with roof gardens. Nowadays, the demand for the development of a healthier urban environment is getting more and more urgent since air pollution is nearing the limits of tolerance. The evaporation and oxygen producing effect of the planted vegetation on the roofs of buildings can contribute to the improvement of the microclimate. Evaporation controls the air temperature and humidity, the air being cleaner with the increased production of oxygen. Dust removal effect of vegetation is also signi?cant ensuring more favourable and cleaner living conditions. With the retention of precipitation and the delay of runoff, the green roof decreases the strain on the gutter work. Green roofs planted with vegetation have an increased insulating capacity which improve the balance of energy of the buildings, leading to energy savings. There is no doubt that green roofs cost more and a stronger heavier roof structure is needed. It should be noted, however, that the roof insulation layers held down by the gravel load do not exceed the stress load of the extensive green roof layers. Therefore, we can ask gravel or grass? When speaking about the antiprecipitation insulation load on the roof. From an ecological viewpoint there is no doubt about the correct answer. Usually green roofs are classi?ed according to function, type of vegetation, and the thickness of the vegetation layer. In the case of extensive green roofs we are talking about hardy, dryness tolerant ?ora above an insulation layer developed with a thin membrane of soil mixture and a water retaining membrane, not suitable for supporting human weight constantly. The thickness of the extensive green roofs is less than 20cm, and the typical surface mass is less than 150kg/m2. In the case of extensive green roofs, the vegetation layer is made up of dryness tolerant grasses, short rock garden plants, and steppe ?ora. Usually these do not require regular care, except during the transplanting period. In the case of simpler extensive roofs, the insulation 11 installers, after some training, are able to build up the vegetation layer and do the planting. Characteristic of the intensive green roofs is that they have a thicker vegetation layer above the roof insulation than the one on the extensive roof, and therefore it can fully be utilized as a roof garden. They are suitable for different types and sizes of plants from evergreen trees and bushes to shrubs. They require regular care and nutrient additives. They can be functional roof and garden areas, and therefore, some of the elements of garden design can be applied, utilizing pergolas, screening, covered walkways, benches, etc. The thickness of intensive garden roof structures is generally more than 20cm, usually between 20 and 40cm. Space must be provided for the developing roots of plants with a larger root system. The mass of the surface structure is more than 150kg/m2. The development of an intensive roof garden always requires team work, the cooperative effort of architect, designer, structural engineer and landscape architect is essential. Generally, in practice, green roofs are on builtup roofs, since in the case of the twocrust ventilated roofs, the lighter upper crust is not suitable for the support of more load. Exceptions are those extensive green roof
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