【正文】 so that they could learn about the culture of the other countries.”可知,紐約公立學(xué)校的許多課程用雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)的目的是讓學(xué)生了解其他國(guó)家的文化風(fēng)俗。 （2）考查推理判斷。故選B。根據(jù)最后一段中的“While these duallanguage programmes are popular, educators in the US say that teaching English es first.”可知,美國(guó)的教育學(xué)家認(rèn)為盡管在學(xué)校雙語(yǔ)教學(xué)很流行,但是英語(yǔ)的地位是不能動(dòng)搖的。 （4）考查主旨大意。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。 The end of the year is drawing near, and winter is in full swing. The season brings along with it strong winds and snow — an environment that39。 This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature. In Shakespeare39。 The winter is bad enough for Lear，but being abandoned by his family is worse. A song from another Shakespeare play, As You Like It(1599), is fitting for this poor old man39。s ingratitude (忘恩負(fù)義). Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity (無(wú)人性). There aren39。 Once winter became less of a threat to human beings, literary works featuring it became more positive. Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature has often featured happy Christmas celebrations. Dickens39。s Harry Potter and the Philosopher39。 Harry had never in all his life had such a Christmas dinner. A hundred fat，roast turkeys。 platters of chipolatas。 It is almost as much a pleasure to read about the meal as it might have been to eat it.t the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it39。s days.（1）What39。s main purpose in writing this article? remend some winter stories in literature. explain what winter is like in literary works. describe certain customs that are related to winter. tell us why winter is described as unpleasant in literature.（2）What can we learn from Shakespeare39。t like winter for its bad weather. Lear was forced to give up being a king in a cold winter.39。s Stone is used mainly to show s a pleasure to read Christmasrelated books in winter has bee the happiest season in literary works【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了冬季的令人不快甚至是令人恐懼的方面經(jīng)常在文學(xué)作品中看到，但隨著時(shí)間的推移，文學(xué)作品中冬天的含義也在發(fā)生變化。根據(jù)第二段中的“This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature”可知，人們經(jīng)常可以在文學(xué)中看到冬季的令人不快甚至是令人恐懼的方面?？赏浦?，作者寫(xiě)本文是為了解釋文學(xué)作品中的冬天是什么樣子的。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。t many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare.”可知，在莎士比亞的戲劇《皆大歡喜》中，冬天被用來(lái)展現(xiàn)人性的丑陋。故選D。根據(jù)第四段可知，自狄更斯以來(lái)，在文學(xué)中這個(gè)季節(jié)的表現(xiàn)常常是圣誕快樂(lè)的慶?；顒?dòng)。狄更斯是因?yàn)樗_(kāi)啟了一種描寫(xiě)冬天的新方式。 （4）考查推理判斷。再根據(jù)第六段第二句話(huà)可知，在J. K. Rowling的《哈利?波特與魔法石》中，哈利?波特和他的朋友們?cè)谙碛檬フQ大餐時(shí)是快樂(lè)的。故選B。4．閱讀理解 There are no shortcuts to success in language learning. A good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only to memorize the rules from a grammar book. It is not much learning by heart long lists of words and their meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language.. A.Listening, speaking, reading and writingC.D.. doesn39。t have a good memory always remembers lists of words and their meanings often hesitates(猶豫)to practise speaking it（3）One can never learn a foreign language well by （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 （2）考查推理判斷。推斷有些人說(shuō)不好，是因?yàn)樵谡f(shuō)這方面，他有猶豫要不要練習(xí)說(shuō)這門(mén)語(yǔ)言，故選D。根據(jù)第二段中的”A good memory is a great help， but it is not enough only to memorize the rules from a grammar book.“好的記憶力是會(huì)很有幫助，但是光從語(yǔ)法書(shū)上記憶語(yǔ)法規(guī)則是不夠的；以及第三段中的”If we are pleased with a few rules we have memorized， we are not really learning the language. We must learn through use. Practice is important. “如果我們對(duì)于記點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則就很滿(mǎn)足，但在并不是真正在學(xué)語(yǔ)言。所以選B。根據(jù)第三段中的”P(pán)ractice is important. We must practise speaking and writing the language whenever we can.“練習(xí)非常重要。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。Exercise helps to keep us in good health. Doctors at the American Heart Association suggest getting at least 150 minutes of proper physical activity every week. Many people exercise for a few minutes every day or every other day. So, getting 150 minutes every week is easy. Edward R. Laskowski is a doctor at the Mayo Clinic. He and other experts have a general rule of yes about exercising when you are sick.Geralyn Coopersmith is a physical fitness trainer who has written several books on exercise and nutrition. Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest taking a break from exercising if signs of your illness appear below the neck. Pay special attention to symptoms such as chest congestion, extreme cough or pain in the stomach. Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest listening to your body. If you feel really bad, take a break and let your body rest. If you don39。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。故選C。根據(jù)第四段中的“ Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest taking a break from exercising if signs of your illness appear below the neck”可知，庫(kù)伯史密斯和拉斯科夫斯基博士都建議，如果你的疾病跡象出現(xiàn)在“頸部以下”，就應(yīng)該暫停鍛煉。故選A。根據(jù)第六段中的“If you feel really bad, take a break and let your body rest. If you don39。如果不是非常不舒服，可以減少運(yùn)動(dòng)量。 （4）考查推理判斷。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，句義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。Why is it that many people who have suffered a major shock, such as divorce or death of a family member, seem to be weaker against a variety of major and minor illness? One mon idea among psychologists has been that people could deal with suffering more effectively if they were able to understand and accept it. Indeed, many experts stress the value of expressing thoughts and feelings connected with upsetting events. In an experiment that followed, another group of healthy students were given the fourday writing exercises. Some chose to write about highly personal and upsetting experiences (including loneliness, problems with family and friends, and health). When questioned immediately afterwards, they said that they did not feel any better. However, their blood samples(樣本) taken before and after the experiment showed evidence of an improved resistance to illness. The white cells that fight off bacteria and viruses had increased their reaction and sensitivity to these invaders. This trend continued ov