【正文】 sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.（1）According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may ________. A.cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC.protect the forests and the environment there（2）The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT ________. A.the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseC.ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun（3）Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________. A.indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC.suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming（4）The underlined phrase soak up in the last paragraph most probably means ________. A.absorbedC.distributed（5）From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ________. A.allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC.help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亞的森林大火使氣候變暖，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，在燃燒的樹木允許更多的雪將更多的陽(yáng)光反射到太空的地區(qū)可能會(huì)發(fā)生冷卻。根據(jù)第二段中的“This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions”這樣的措施最終導(dǎo)致了北部地區(qū)的氣候變暖。 （2）考查推理判斷。故選C。根據(jù)第三段中的“Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.”可知早期關(guān)于北方森林火災(zāi)的研究建議大火將加速氣候變暖，故選D。根據(jù)最后一段中的““ watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but watts per square meter will be sent back into space.”可知該詞與send back該詞相反的意思，故應(yīng)該指吸收，因?yàn)閟end back指反射。 （5）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。 s green. So what39。 In 1800 when a Scottish headmaster named James Pillans wanted his students to draw maps, the students couldn39。 The color change came in the 1960s when panies sold, steel plates, coated with green enamel (漆) instead of the traditional dark slate. The new material was lighter and less fragile than the first blackboards, so they were cheaper to ship and more likely to survive the journey. Teachers weren39。Blackboard.Chalkboard.Greenboard.Mini board.（2）Why did the headmaster ask the students to put their mini boards together? A.To make enough space.C. attention.D. interest.（3）Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the greenboard? A.re lighter in weight.B.re more convenient to transport.C.re easier to erase the powder.D.re more useful than the traditional ones.（4）What39。Introduction of the blackboard.B.Color of the blackboard.D.回答了黑板為什么是綠色的？這個(gè)問(wèn)題。根據(jù)第一段中的，...late 18thcentury students used their own mini boards made of slate (石板) or painted wood...可知，18世紀(jì)的學(xué)生用的是“迷你板”。 （2）考查推理判斷。In 1800 when a Scottish headmaster named James Pillans wanted his students to draw maps, the students couldn39?？芍ｉL(zhǎng)讓學(xué)生把他們的迷你板拼湊在一起是為了創(chuàng)造一個(gè)大的空間來(lái)畫地圖。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。故選D。文章第一段前四句話點(diǎn)明了文章中心：我們看到的黑板大多是綠色的，為什么叫黑板？通讀全文也可知文章主要講述了黑板發(fā)展過(guò)程中顏色從黑色變成綠色的過(guò)程和原因。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。 ve got your aging brain to blame. This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神經(jīng)元). New research suggests 39。 abilities of the young brain allow us to process more information during youth, causing the days to seem longer earlier in life. However, as we get old, researchers say the older brain takes more time to process information. Little babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they39。re happening more quickly.（1）What causes time to fly faster as we get old? A.Information in our brain.C.Rapid fire abilities.（2）What is unavoidable in the process of getting old? A.B.C.D.Young people are more energetic in their life.B.Old people have fewer things to do than young people.D.Nerves and NeuronsB.The Older, the FasterD. （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。故選A。根據(jù)第一段中的You39。故選B。根據(jù)第一段中的最后兩句可知，年輕時(shí)之所以覺得日子似乎更長(zhǎng)是因?yàn)榇竽X能夠以“快速射擊”的方式處理更多信息。所以說(shuō)，相較于老年人，年輕人的大腦花費(fèi)更少的時(shí)間來(lái)處理信息。 （4）考查主旨大意。C項(xiàng)正好與主旨句呼應(yīng)，故選C。5．犇犇閱讀理解 Shining iridescent color, which changes depending on the angle from which it39。 And in our research group we are of course interested in why this vivid metallic color is so widespread in nature. Karin Kjernsmo of the University of Bristol adds that in some cases the showy splashes of light are a sexual strategy. Here I would like to point out that in some species, particularly those that display strong sexual dimorphism(雌雄兩性), such as birds of paradise or some butterflies or fishes, the occurrence of iridescence is most likely driven by sexual selection. For example, in many of these cases it is the males that have these vivid iridescent colors and they use them in mate choice or they use them as a signal to attract mates. The idea that eye173。up isn39。Coloration in the Animal Kingdom, already in 1909, that 39。s concealment39。s concealment？ s173。live a little longer by escaping their predator(捕食者)catch the attention of their matesC.D.Bees can always tell the difference between a circle and an ovalB.If a circle, with a sugar reward, is iridescent, the bees may have difficulty finding itD.Whether there are any differences between bees and birds.B.Why birds are not effected by iridescent insects.D.A famous camouflage strategyMetallic iridescent as the best disguiseC.Shining colors as a sexual strategy【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了彩虹色有助于生物隱藏。根據(jù)第一段中的“A good disguise keeps you hidden,