【正文】 , was unimpressed by the research, saying acting is about far more than pretending to be someone — it involves embodying (體現(xiàn)) the text and language.（1）How did Dr Brown39。By scanning the brain activity of some actors.B.By interviewing some theatre teachers.D.s research? A.Actors39。Acting is far more than pretending to be the character.D. brain activity is more active when they are in character.（3）How did Philip Davis react to the research? A.B.C.D.A debate of how the brain functions.B.A research on the brain activity of actors.D.現(xiàn)在，研究人員表示，演員的大腦活動(dòng)模式不同，取決于他們是否扮演角色。根據(jù)第五段中的“Once inside the MRI scanner, the actors were asked to answer a number of questions, such as: would they go to the party?”一旦進(jìn)入核磁共振掃描儀，演員們被要求回答一系列問題，比如:他們會(huì)去參加派對(duì)嗎?由此推斷出Brown博士的團(tuán)隊(duì)是通過掃描一些演員的大腦活動(dòng)進(jìn)行他們的研究的，故選A。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“The results revealed that the brain activity differed depending on the situation being tested. The team found that when the actors were in character, they use some thirdperson knowledge or inferences about their character.”結(jié)果顯示，大腦活動(dòng)的不同取決于所測(cè)試的情境。由此可知Brown博士的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，演員在表演時(shí)大腦活動(dòng)是不同的，故選B。根據(jù)最后一段中的“However, Philip Davis, a professor at the University of Liverpool, was unimpressed by the research, saying acting is about far more than ‘pretending’他說，表演不僅僅是 假裝 成某個(gè)人，它還包括文本和語(yǔ)言的體現(xiàn)。 （4）考查主旨大意。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。 You know those nutrition guidelines the government issues every few years? It turns out that following them isn39。s good for the planet, too.impact nations, in general, you can see that, if you follow a nationally remended diet, despite the fact that these diets don39。t explicitly mention—environmental impacts, that you are going to have lower environmental impacts due to that. So that39。ine nations. said Paul Behrens, an environmental scientist at Leiden University in the Netherlands.free land on Earth is used for agriculture, and according to some estimates, producing food accounts for roughly a fifth of all human173。 However, following dietary guidelines would reduce those impacts, especially in wealthy countries like the US. Most of the reductions e from meat and dairy, which have an outsized impact on land use and pollution, and are a major source of greenhouse gases.(That39。 Overall, in high173。s team estimates that following the rules could result in as much as a 17 percent reduction in land use, a 21 percent reduction in nutrient pollution, and a 25 percent drop in agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. Cutting down on how much food we waste—which is roughly a third in the US—could help even more. The results are in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.on effect on other areas of policy making. So if I39。eating173。schools program then that39。 It seems that a smaller environmental footprint and a healthier lifestyle could go hand in hand.（1）Which of the following statement will Paul Behrens approve of? A.Following a nationally remended diet can do good to our health.C.Some high173。t mention the diet explicitly for its impacts can be ignored.（2）What do the underlined words takes a big toll on shows signs ofhas a bad effect ontakes full advantage ofmakes up for（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.caused greenhouse gas with only a third of the ice173。It is estimated that following dietary guidelines can lead to decrease in more land use than in nutrient pollution.C. new program concerning healthy eating for schools is likely to be based on national nutrition guidelines.D.t effected much.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了營(yíng)養(yǎng)指南對(duì)地球也有利。 （1）考查推理判斷。impact nations, in general, you can see that, if you follow a nationally remended diet, despite the fact that these diets don39。t explicitly mention—environmental impacts, that you are going to have lower environmental impacts due to that.” 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)（營(yíng)養(yǎng)膳食指南的）影響因國(guó)家而異，但總的來說，在影響力較大的國(guó)家，如果你遵循國(guó)家推薦的膳食指南，即使這些膳食并未明晰對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，或者大多數(shù)膳食沒有明確說明這一點(diǎn)，但是你對(duì)環(huán)境的影響會(huì)因?yàn)樽裱改隙鴾p輕。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。free land on Earth is used for agriculture, and according to some estimates, producing food accounts for roughly a fifth of all human173。肥料徑流也導(dǎo)致了其他問題，例如伊利湖的藻類爆發(fā)以及墨西哥灣的死亡區(qū)域。takes a big toll on固定短語(yǔ)，“付出了巨大的代價(jià)”，故選B。根據(jù)第三段中的“A third of the ice173。caused greenhouse gas emissions.”地球上三分之一的無冰區(qū)被用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，根據(jù)一些估算，食物生產(chǎn)大約占到了人類造成的溫室氣體排放量的五分之一。A選項(xiàng)的描述 糧食生產(chǎn)可導(dǎo)致約20%的人為造成的溫室氣體，而只使用了三分之一的無冰土地 正確，故選A。5．閱讀理解 For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money they thought of cash. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off— tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping a smartphone has bee normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient—but it also causes new problems that could hold back the transition(轉(zhuǎn)型). Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand— younger consumers want payment systems that plug easily into their digital lives. But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets) and teles panies (in emerging ones) are developing fast, easytouse payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees. There is a high cost to running the infrastructure behind the cash economy—ATMs, vans carrying notes, tellers who accept coins. Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage oldfashioned customers with heavy fees. Yet set against these benefits are a couple of worries. Electronic payment systems may risk technical failures, power failure and cyberattacks. In a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind. And a digital system could let governments watch over people39。. A.get rid of the sideeffects of cashC.promote payment without paper money or coins（2）In paragraph 3, sev