【正文】 y just lie there with their tongues hanging out with the smell of dead flesh, sometimes for hours, effectively convincing potential predators they can find a much fresher meal elsewhere.”可知，負(fù)鼠假裝死亡，讓捕食者在其他地方找到更新鮮的食物，以避免成為捕食者的目標(biāo)。 （3）考查推理判斷。然而，它們也會(huì)釋放出有害 的從而可以推斷出，千足蟲是擁有多種防御機(jī)制的物種。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。 Migratory birds (候鳥) flood back to where they reproduce every spring. That migratory behavior is acpanied by some human behavior. In Englishlanguage Wikipedia (維基百科), the online searches for migratory species tend to increase in spring when those birds arrive in the United States, said the lead author John Mittermeier. This finding suggests new ways to monitor changes in the world39。 Mittermeier is encouraged by the search results. He mented, I think there39。re not interacting with native species anymore. And so in that sense, it was really exciting and quite unexpected for me to see people39。 Richard Grenyer, Associate Professor from the University of Oxford, says search data is useful to conservation biologists, By using these big data approaches, we can direct our attention towards the difficult questions in modern conservation: which species and areas are changing, and where are the people who care the most and can do the most to help.（1）What have researchers found about species searches? strengthen ties among people. affect the animal movements. differ in language backgrounds. reflect animal migration seasons.（2）What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 3? summarize the research process. further support the research findings. show the variety of species searches. present researchers39。s service. about Wikipedia behavior. at people39。s not getting close to nature.（4）Why does Richard think such search data is useful? helps to aim at conservation targets. increases interest in big data approaches. keeps track of trends in biologists39。他們的在線物種搜索遵循季節(jié)性動(dòng)物遷徙的模式。它還展示了一種新的方式來了解人們有多關(guān)心自然，以及哪些物種和地區(qū)可能是最有效的保護(hù)目標(biāo)。根據(jù)第一段中的“Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations (遷徙).”可知關(guān)于物種搜索，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們遵循季節(jié)性動(dòng)物遷徙的模式。 （2）考查推理判斷。即第三段的寫作目的是為了進(jìn)一步支持研究結(jié)果。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。s Wikipedia interest closely related to changes in nature”可知Mittermeier看到人們對維基百科的興趣是與大自然的變化密切相關(guān)的，感到非常興奮和意外。 （4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。即他認(rèn)為這些搜索數(shù)據(jù)可以有助于設(shè)定保護(hù)目標(biāo)。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。 A single dose(劑量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus, raising renewed hope of a vaccine for humans, say scientists. The US team say the results, published in Nature, are striking and should encourage research efforts. such as pregnant women 173。 Now, developing a vaccine for pregnant women to protect their unborn babies is an international research priority(優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)). US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice – one based on bits of genetic(基因的) code from the virus and another that is an inactive (and therefore harmless) copy of Zika. Both worked well, protecting every mouse that was immunised against the virus. In parison, all of the mice not given the vaccine caught Zika after they were exposed to it.based vaccines. Of course, future tests will need to check the vaccine is safe and effective in humans, as well as how long the immunity might last.（1）If the tests in humans go smoothly, a vaccine for use in the laboratory will be still be years away.B.a licensed vaccine will still not be accessible in a short term.D.many countries are actively involved in the research of the Zika vaccine.B.None of the mice given the vaccine caught Zika.D.Zika vaccine 39。 in miceB.International researches into Zika have paid offD. （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 such as pregnant women 173。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 （3）考查主旨大意。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。 Babies have an astonishing talent that adults entirely lose. By the age of one, they can recognise the significant noises around them and group them into a language. When we have lost this capacity as adults, it bees enormously difficult to distinguish between sounds that are glaringly different to a native speaker. It all sounds Greek to us. This is because the range of possible sounds that humans use to convey meaning may be as high as 2,000, but few languages use more than 100 and even then the significant noises－the phonemes (音素) of a language－each cover a range of sounds and so vague distinctions which would change the meaning of a word in other languages.d rather think of language as product of our thought Hunter gatherer languages very seldom use the sounds known as labiodentals (唇齒音)－those such as f and v－that are made by touching the lower lip with the upper teeth. Only two of the hundreds of Australian aboriginal languages use them, for example. But in cultures that have discovered farming, these consonants (輔音) are much more mon. The argument goes that farmers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers. Either way, they need to chew mush less, and to bite less with their front teeth. So farmers grew up with smaller lower jaws and more of an overbite than their ancestors who had to bite through harder foods. It became easier for them to make the labiodental consonants instead of purely labial (唇音) ones: one example is that f e to take the place of p. Romans said pater but English speakers (unless they39。 Beyond these particular changes, the story highlights the way in which everything distinctively human is both material and spiritual: speech must bine sound and meaning, and the meaning can39。. A.classify the forms of noisesC.distinguish meaningful sounds（2）According to the passage, which of the following factors help shape langua