【正文】 within the orchestra as a whole. Many more think they can effectively multitask, but are actually shifting their attention rapidly between two things and not getting the full effect of either, experts say.（1）What have scientists in University of California found about “the cocktailparty effect”? A.B.The higher brain processes sounds and images selectively.Sounds are sorted out before reaching the higher brain.（2）What do we learn from the passage? A.B.We cannot multitask without extra attention.We benefit from pushing the limit with multitasking.（3）Which of the following is an example of inattentional blindness? A.B.A manager talked on a handsfree phone with his client.A pedestrian had a car accident because of phubbing(低頭).（4）The main purpose of the passage is to ______. A.inform and explainC.examine and evaluate【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，講述的是“雞尾酒會(huì)效應(yīng)”的啟示。根據(jù)第二段中的“Scientists at the University of California in San Francisco have found where that soundediting process occurs in the brain—in the auditory cortex (聽(tīng)覺(jué)皮層) just behind the ear, not in areas of higher thought. ”現(xiàn)在，加州大學(xué)舊金山分校（University of California in San Francisco）的科學(xué)家找到了這種聲音編輯過(guò)程在大腦中發(fā)生的位置──在耳朵后面的聽(tīng)覺(jué)皮層，而不是大腦的高級(jí)思維區(qū)域。（2）考查推理判斷。t very good at multitaskingour brains are wired for ‘selective attention’ and can focus on only one thing at a time. ”這些上月發(fā)布在《自然》期刊上的研究結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)了為何人們不是很擅長(zhǎng)處理多任務(wù)──我們的大腦有“選擇性注意”機(jī)制，一次只能專(zhuān)注于一件事。故選A。根據(jù)第四段中的“Many of those accidents are due to ‘inattentional blindness’, in which people can, in effect, turn a blind eye to things they aren39?！笔且粋€(gè)“inattentional blindness”的例子。（4）考查目的意圖。專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，更多的人則是自以為可以有效地處理多任務(wù)，但他們其實(shí)是在兩件事之間迅速轉(zhuǎn)移注意力，而并沒(méi)有全身心地投入到其中任何一件事中?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和目標(biāo)意圖三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇生活類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行討論推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。Sleep, considered a luxury by many, is essential for a person39。s risk of developing severe medical conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Now, a new study by Boston39。Jeffrey Grossman, who led the research, was not trying to find the link between sleep and grades when he handed out Fitbits to the 100 students in his introduction to SolidState Chemistry class. Instead, the professor of Computational Materials Science hoped the popular wristworn device which, tracks a person39。However, the study, published in the journal “Science Learning” on October 1, 2019, discovered a surprising insight. Then was a straightline relationship between the average amount of sleep a student got and his/her grade on the 11 quizzes, three midterms, and the final exam administered during the semester. s the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most. t everything.”（1）What is the new finding about sleep? 39。s health. less may cause obesity. too much is dangerous. sleep leads to better grades.（2）What does the underlined word Fitbits in paragraph 2 refer to? devices.. equipment..（3）Which of the following best describes the final result the new study? ....（4）What will benefit students39。好的睡眠質(zhì)量是提高學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)第一段中的“Now, a new study by Boston39。故選D。根據(jù)第二段中的“Instead, the professor of Computational Materials Science hoped the popular wristworn device which tracks a person39?？芍狥itbits指的是一種可以穿戴的設(shè)備。 （3）考查推理判斷。故選D。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Instead, it39。t everything.”什么時(shí)候睡覺(jué)很重要。如果你在2點(diǎn)以后睡覺(jué)，即使你睡了7個(gè)小時(shí)，你的表現(xiàn)也會(huì)開(kāi)始下降。故選C。 A bunch of strangers showed up at the gym in the early morning of the last Sunday of April. A few athletes were already stretching their arms, but most of us could barely focus. As I was burning off last night39。s 21day workout challenge, and I immediately signed up. I always wanted to train for a marathon, so I considered this as my warmup. Besides, I needed to stop being lazy and this was my chance to make a change. t be easy. I stuck to working out 30 minutes a day, and I didn39。Overing weaknesses with willpower was my goal for the next part of the journey. But the difficult part about making a challenge is realizing that wanting and doing are two very different things. Just like a career, you have to physically work for it rather than just wait for it to happen. But that39。At the end of the challenge, I learned something even more important: Feeling the results is better than seeing them. I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. I even felt a little smarter as I researched which foods were better for my body, and learned how to make healthier meals. I felt a sense of acplishment, too, because even though I wanted to give up dozens of times, I didn39。s wrong decision? A.B.Eating a lot the previous night.Stopping being lazy for a change.（2）What is paragraph 2 mainly about? of the author39。s killing his spare time. importance of sticking to the normal daily routine. difficulty of the author39。s more important to see what he likes than just feel it. was no need to feel guilty about things he disliked to do.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，一張宣傳健身鍛煉的海報(bào)讓作者開(kāi)始馬拉松的熱身。最后，鍛煉給作者帶來(lái)了好心情。根據(jù)第一段中的“As I was burning off last night39。s 21day workout challenge”可知，昨晚我做了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的決定：吃了一頓大餐。故選C。根據(jù)第二段中的“It was easy to promise on paper, but three weeks of remended exercise routines and diet restrictions wouldn39。因此該段的主要內(nèi)容是作者堅(jiān)持鍛煉計(jì)劃的困難。 （3）考查詞義猜測(cè)?！?由“However, finally I overcame that negative thought and kept working out.”可知，然而我終于克服了這種消極的想法繼續(xù)鍛煉。因此可以推斷出and后面的內(nèi)容是“不想再鍛煉下去”，故選A。根據(jù)第四段的“At the end of the challenge, I learned something even more important: I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. I even felt a little smarter …I felt a sense of acplishment…I felt my waist got smaller and my arms got stronger, and I no longer felt guilty after having a piece of cake or a drink.”可知，在鍛煉的最后我頭痛少了，精力充沛了，而且更快樂(lè)。因此作者感受到了克服運(yùn)動(dòng)挑戰(zhàn)能給他帶來(lái)好心情。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)