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me!她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!注:if only 通常獨(dú)立使用,沒(méi)有主句。if only后的句子用虛擬語(yǔ)氣if only 與 I wish一樣,也用于表示與事實(shí)相反的愿望,其后所虛擬語(yǔ)氣的時(shí)態(tài)與 wish后所接時(shí)態(tài)的情況相同:If only she had had more courage!她再勇敢一些就好了。I wished I were 。如:注:特別注意從句的時(shí)態(tài)只與從句所指的時(shí)間有關(guān),而與wish的時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)關(guān),比較:I wish I were 。If it hadn’t been for your assistance,we wouldn’t have succeeded.=But for your assistance,we wouldn’t have succeeded.=Without your assistance,we wouldn’t have 、wish后賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣▲ 用法說(shuō)明動(dòng)詞wish后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。兩個(gè)??继摂M語(yǔ)氣句型▲ 句型介紹這兩個(gè)句型是If it weren’t for…和If it hadn’t been for…,這是兩個(gè)很常用的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句型,也經(jīng)常受到命題人的青睞,其意為“若不是(有)”“要不是有”。(直陳語(yǔ)氣)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句所謂錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句即條件從句與主句所指時(shí)間不一致,如從句指過(guò)去,而主句即指的是現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái),此時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境情況,結(jié)合上面提到的三種基本類(lèi)型對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整:If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet ,現(xiàn)在地面就會(huì)是濕的。(could表能力)④ 對(duì)于與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的情形,請(qǐng)注意以下幾點(diǎn): 一是這里說(shuō)的與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反,實(shí)為對(duì)將來(lái)情況的推測(cè);二是此用法中的條件從句謂語(yǔ)除用過(guò)去式外,有時(shí)也用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”(表示可能性極小,常譯為“萬(wàn)一”)或“were to+動(dòng)詞原形”(表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè));三是當(dāng)條件從句使用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的謂語(yǔ)時(shí),主句謂語(yǔ)除可用“should(would, could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣外,也可用直陳語(yǔ)氣或祈使語(yǔ)氣:If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect ,就不要等我了。(would表結(jié)果)If you tried again,you might ,你可能會(huì)成功的。would, might, could的大致區(qū)別是:would表示結(jié)果,might表示可能性,could表示能力、允許或可能性。(但我動(dòng)身太遲了)▲與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反若與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反,條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式(be通常用were),主句謂語(yǔ)用“should(would, could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形”:If I asked him,I’m sure he’d help ,肯定他會(huì)幫助我們。(虛擬語(yǔ)氣)▲ 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反若與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式(be通常用were),主句謂語(yǔ)用“should(would, could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形”:If I knew her number,I could ring her ,我就可以給她打電話(huà)了。真實(shí)條件句所表示的假設(shè)是有可能發(fā)生的,而非真實(shí)條件句則通常表示一種假想,與事實(shí)相反或不大可能會(huì)發(fā)生:If I have time, I will go with ,我就同他們?nèi)?。第一篇:北京?015屆高考一輪專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練:虛擬語(yǔ)氣北京市2015屆高考一輪專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練虛擬語(yǔ)氣34.【2014北京】We __________back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the be【答案】D22.【2013北京】Don’t turn off the puter before closing all programs ___ you could have problems 22【答案】A34.【2013北京】If we ____ a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a booked booked34【答案】D35.【2012北京】 Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of been【答案】B28.【2011北京】 —Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be pletely ruined.—I wish they always ’’t ’t ’t have been【答案】A30.【2011北京】 Maybe if I you more studying【答案】C第二篇:高考虛擬語(yǔ)氣 很全虛擬條件句的三種基本類(lèi)型:與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反、與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反、與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反。條件句有真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)(虛擬)條件句兩種。(陳述語(yǔ)氣)If I were you, I would go with ,我就同他們?nèi)ァ?可惜我不知道)▲與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反若與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反,條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had+過(guò)去分詞),主句謂語(yǔ)用“should(would, could, might)+have+過(guò)去分詞”:If I’d left sooner,I’d have been on ,我就準(zhǔn)時(shí)到了。(不過(guò)我不打算這樣做)注:幾點(diǎn)特別說(shuō)明① 主句謂語(yǔ)中的should主要用于第一人稱(chēng)后。比較:If you tried again,you would ,你就會(huì)成功的。(might表可能)If you tried again,you could ,你就能成功了。(祈使語(yǔ)氣)If I should see him, I’ll tell ,我就告訴他。You would be much better now if you had taken my ,你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好多了。如:If it weren’t for water, no plant could 。若要表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望,從句謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí);若表示與過(guò)去相反的愿望,從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)或would / could+have +過(guò)去分詞; 若表示將來(lái)沒(méi)有把握或不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,用would(could)+動(dòng)詞原形。I wish I had been 。I wished I had been 。If only I had listened to my parents!我要是當(dāng)時(shí)聽(tīng)了父母的話(huà)就好了。as if(though)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣▲ 基本用法以as if(as though)引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句,有時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,若表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí); 若表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反,用過(guò)去完成時(shí);表示將來(lái)的可能性不大,用would(might, could)+動(dòng)詞原形:He acts as if he knew 。He talks as if he had been 。(2)注意 It isn’t as if…的翻譯:It isn’t as if he were (或他又不窮)。It’s time I was in ?!?用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表過(guò)去的愿望I’d rather you hadn’t said 。若要表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望,從句謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí);若表示與過(guò)去相反的愿望,從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)或would / could+have +過(guò)去分詞;若表示將來(lái)沒(méi)有把握或不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,用would(could)+動(dòng)詞原形。We wish he didn’t ?!?表示“堅(jiān)持”后的賓語(yǔ)從句主要是指insist的賓語(yǔ)從句,從句謂語(yǔ)由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,其中的should在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中通??梢允÷浴Wⅲ簞?dòng)詞insist后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),除可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣外,也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣,兩者的區(qū)別是:若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生,或尚未成為事實(shí),則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣;若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生,或已經(jīng)成為事實(shí),則要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。He insiste