【正文】 had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted )在沒有明確的過去時間狀語標志時,位于東磁發(fā)生的時間的先后順序依據(jù)上下文來判斷。I had wanted to see you, but I was too busy to get 兩種時態(tài)的判斷依據(jù)：凡表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成且對現(xiàn)在造：凡表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成且對現(xiàn)在造成影響或結(jié)果的動作；或過去已經(jīng)開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，可以用現(xiàn)在完成時。By the end of last year he had taught in this school for 20 )在wish引導的賓語從句中，若表示過去的一種難以實現(xiàn)的愿望時，常用過去完成時。此時多與 already/yet/still/before/just/never等時間adv及 by/at/before/until等引導詞的組或從句連用。例如：When Iwokeup, )過去完成時是一個相對的時態(tài)，表示“過去的過去”，只有和過去某一時間或某一動作相比較時才能使用。可以表示從過去從某一事可延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(包括”現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi))?，F(xiàn)在完成時與過去完成時的比較用法一：兩種完成時的主要用法A現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法：1)表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果的動作。試比較下列兩句的時態(tài)：The train started just before we reached the train had gone when we arrived the ，常與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有 already , still , yet , just , ever , never , hardly , scarcely 以及由 by , before , since , for ,after , until , as soon as 等構(gòu)成的短語或從句。After he closed the door , he left the ，離開了屋子。Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered(不用 had discovered)America in 1492 年發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲的。She said that she had seen the 。，以過去完成時代替直接引語中的一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時。The film had already begun when I got to the ，電影已經(jīng)開始了。一般過去時以現(xiàn)在時間為起點，表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。I lost the hat which I had ，表示過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。，用 and , then 或 but 等連接，按照動作發(fā)生的順序表達時，用一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的連續(xù)的動作。He had been ill for a week when he was went to the 。特別要注意該結(jié)構(gòu)省if 后的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。I would rather you had told me the truth last 。She had hardly sat down when she heard her name called by the monitor.= Hardly had she sat down when she heard her name called by the ，則第一個動作用過去完成時，第二個用一般過去時。She said she had never been to hardly … when , no sooner … than 的主句中用過去完成時。They had wanted to help her but couldn’t get there in ，卻沒有及時趕到那里。I had meant to call on you , but was prevented from doing ，但被其它事給耽擱了。、計劃或打算，用過去完成時。s already been sent （如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時，要用過去時。He has been in the League for three years.(在團內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))He has been a League member for three years.(是團員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù))He joined the League three years ago.(三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。）She has returned from 。）Who hasn39。）I have seen this film.（強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。一般過去時的時間狀語:yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語共同的時間狀語:this morning, tonight, this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，動詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, , go, leave, start, die, finish, bee, get married等。第一篇：一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時,過去完成 的區(qū)分一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時用法比較過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調(diào)動作；現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的，強調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強調(diào)的是影響。過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。舉例：I saw this film yesterday.（強調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了。）Why did you get up so early?（強調(diào)起床的動作已發(fā)生過了。t handed in his paper?（強調(diào)有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。She returned 。)I have finished my homework somebody go and get ?He39。（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（對）Tom wrote a l