【正文】 度后 ， 由于鋁板密度小，強度對于制作小車也足夠，同時易于加工，所以 車架采用鋁條焊接 鋁板 加工制作成底板 ， 即方便也經(jīng)濟。下面為 我設(shè)計過程中的 設(shè)計圖框（圖 四 ） 圖四 在選擇方案時應(yīng)綜合考慮 小車需要實現(xiàn)的 功能、材料、加工、 制造的難易程度 、制造成本等各方面因素，同時盡量避免直接決策， 從客觀的事實出發(fā)，減少主觀能動性，一切以原理和實際情況為依據(jù)， 減少決策時的主觀因素，使得選擇的方 案能夠綜合最優(yōu)。為了方便設(shè)計這里根據(jù)小車所要完成的功能將小車劃分為五個部分進行模塊化設(shè)計（ 五部分分別為： 車架 、原動機構(gòu) 、傳動機構(gòu) 、轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu) 、行走機構(gòu) 、微調(diào)機構(gòu)）。下面是我們設(shè)計小車的流程 圖三 通過在每個模塊的反復(fù)推敲思考，通過否定一些加工難度大或者經(jīng)濟性，實用性等原因，選取最佳的設(shè)計思路。 不斷改進設(shè)計。并且要有開闊的思路，創(chuàng)新的精神，勇于創(chuàng)新，在創(chuàng)新中發(fā)展。 課題中 的制造工藝能力項以要求綜合運用加工 及 制造工藝知識的能力為主。設(shè)計能力項要求 對 作 對產(chǎn) 品的設(shè)計具有創(chuàng)新性和規(guī)范性。并在網(wǎng)上收集了相關(guān)資料。為了 得到最優(yōu)的設(shè)計方案 ， 現(xiàn)在 采用擴展性思維設(shè)計每一個模塊， 對每個模塊分塊設(shè)計，在每個模塊中 尋求多種可行的方案和構(gòu)思 ， 并在這些設(shè)計方案和構(gòu) 思中選擇最優(yōu)方案 。 方案設(shè)計 通過對小車的功能分析小車需要 成功的將 重力勢能的轉(zhuǎn)換 為動能 、驅(qū)動小車 自身行走、 同時還要能 自動避開障礙物。要求滿足：①小車上面要裝載一件外尺寸為 ? 60 20 mm 的實心圓柱型鋼制質(zhì)量塊作為載荷，其質(zhì)量應(yīng)不小于 400 克；在小車行走過程中，載荷不 可 掉落。 要求小車 在 前行過程中完成的 一切 動作所需的能量均由 重力勢能轉(zhuǎn) 換獲得，不可用任何其他的能量形式。見 下圖二： 圖二小車繞行 所用乒乓球臺及障礙設(shè)置圖 給定重力勢能為 4焦耳（取 g=10m/s2），用質(zhì)量為 1Kg 的重塊（ ? 50 65 mm，普通碳鋼）鉛垂下降來獲得，落差 400177。小車在半張標準乒乓球臺（長 1525mm、寬 1370mm）上，繞相距 300mm 距離的兩個障礙沿 8 字形軌跡繞行，繞行時不可以撞倒障礙物，不可以掉下球臺。 Used the software such as MATLAB, PROE, cad. I put the car design can be divided into three stages: project design, technical design and production of debugging. Through every stage of the indepth analysis, cengcengbaguan, as far as possible to the optimal design is our design. Scheme design stage according to the car function requires us based on the position of the machine (prime mover structure, transmission mechanism, actuator and control section, auxiliary part) put the car into the frame, engine structure, transmission mechanism, steering mechanism, travel mechanism, adjustment mechanism and so on six modules, carries on the modular design. Separately for each module for a variety of scheme design, through the prehensive parison choose the bination of optimal solution. Our solution is: the frame USES triangle plate type, engine structure adopted the conical shaft, transmission mechanism adopts gear or not the institutions, steering mechanism adopts the crank connecting rod + tank with one wheel drive wheel mechanism, travel mechanism to achieve differential, selects the adjustment nut screw finetuning mechanism. The steering mechanism takes advantage of the selfaligning bearings, joint bearings. Technical design phase we to plan through theoretical analysis, the mathematical model is established using MATLAB, respectively, the rule of energy consumption analysis, kinematics analysis, dynamics analysis and sensitivity analysis. To get the specific parameters of the car and the motion law. Then using PROE software on the car movement simulation entity modeling and car parts. Based on solid modeling for each part has carried on the detailed design, considering the parts material performance, processing technology, cost and other factors. Used car parts are mostly is standard parts, can buy, at the same time, in addition to the part machining precision demanding part need special processing, most of the parts can be covered by the manual processing. The plastic can be used. And because the car by the force is not large, so large with glue, which can simplify the parts and ponents assembly. Debugging process will test by finetuning ways such as changing the parameters of the car, on the basis of the experiment verify the car motion law, determine the car at the same time the optimal parameters. Key words: carbonfree car parametric design sensitivity analysis software aided design fine tuning mechanism 目錄 摘要 ...............................................................2 一論述 .............................................................7 設(shè)計布置方案 ................................................7 功能設(shè)計要求 ................................................7 整體方案設(shè)計 ................................................8 小車的設(shè)計方法 ..............................................9 二 方案設(shè)計 .......................................................10 車架 .......................................................13 原動機構(gòu) ...................................................13 傳動機構(gòu) ...................................................13 轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu) ...................................................14 行走機構(gòu) ...................................................17 微調(diào)機構(gòu) ...................................................18 三 技術(shù)設(shè)計 .......................................