印度it行業(yè)分析(英文版)-展示頁
2025-03-01 15:39本頁面
【正文】 第一品牌 … Growth in foreign demand Global presence as a defensive tool – Nestle’s and Kellogg’s Presence in stateoftheart markets – Japan consumer electronics – Germany machine tools – US: software 6 International Issues Technological Forces Diffusion of knowledge – Many high tech ponents developed overseas – Need close relationships with foreign suppliers Technology sharing/collaborations – Access to technology/markets Global location of RD facilities – Close to production (as cycles get shorter) – Close to expertise (Indian programmers?) 7 International Issues Global Cost Forces Low labor cost – Diminishing importance (Costs underestimated, benefits overestimated) Other cost priorities – Integrated supplier infrastructure (as suppliers bee more involved in design) – Skilled labor Capital intensive facilities – tax breaks – joint ventures – price breaks – cost sharing 8 International Issues Political and Economic Forces1 Exchange rate fluctuations and operating flexibility Regional trade agreements (Europe, North America, Pacific Rim) – Value of being in a country in one of these regions – Implications for supply work design – Reevaluation of foreign facilities (Production processes designed to avoid tariffs) 9 International Issues Political and Economic Forces2 Trade protection mechanisms – Tariffs 全球最超值的汽車 ―Mini Cooper... 在臺(tái)灣只能算有點(diǎn)超值 … – Quotas – Voluntary export restrictions Japanese automakers in US – Local content requirements TI/Intel factories in Europe Japanese automakers in the EU – Government procurement policies Up to 50% advantage for American panies on US Defense contracts 10 International Issues Risks of international supply chains Exchange Rates – Operating Exposure Foreign panies can enter domestic markets. 11 International Issues Exchange Rates 匯率 的波動(dòng)會(huì)改變產(chǎn)品在某一特定國家中生產(chǎn)的 相對(duì)價(jià)值 ． Operating Exposure – Result of tr
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