【正文】 uct prices remained flat and then to decline? GE began to improve its purchasing costs and found its procurement process very inefficient– Involved too many transactions– Did not leverage GE’s overall volume to get best price– more than 1/4 ( million invoices) required rework due to mismatch in order, receipt, and invoiceB2B ECommerce Cases (NITA Report)Reengineer Project in GE Light Factories? Each requisition took 7 days– Request blue prints from storage。 Human resources ($8M)。 40% Ordering。? The sales anizations and the wholesalers or retailers that sell its products。電子商務的產生和發(fā)展Inter Users in AsiaEstimates in Millions0123456789101997 1998 1999 2023 2023 2023Australia New Zealand KoreaPR China Hong Kong TaiwanSingapore Malaysia IndonesiaPhilippines Thailand VietnamIndia“Physical World” Credit Card Payment System Check for Valid Accountand Available CreditConsumer MerchantMerchant AcquirerCredit Card IssuerAuthorization RequestFinancialNetworkResponseInter Payment: The Foundation of Inter Commerce MerchantConsumer Payment Financial InstitutionThe InterBrowserCredit CardPurchase CardECashECheckInterStorefrontInterGatewayFinancialHostExistingFinancialNetworkvWALLET vPOSvGATESETCiO joint efforts of VISA and Mastercard to drve SET paymentConsumerInter ExplorerNetscape NavigatorvWALLETPaymentControlSecure DataVeriFone vPOSWebServerStorefront/CatalogOrderingReceiptMgmtPaymentTransactionMgmtInter StorefrontMerchant BankvGATEInterGatewayFirewallEndtoEnd Inter Commerce SolutionCertificate Authority Trusted Third PartyCertificationAuthorityUser AA? Apply for Certificate? CA should be trusted by everybodyRegistrationAuthority? Approves Certificate Issuance? Generates Certificate? Sign the CertifcateEXAMPLE of eservices A fair, dynamic matching system SchoolsStudentsComputing ParadigmsTime1960 1970 1980 1990 2023PerationBatchComputing TimesharingDistributedComputingNetworkedPersonalComputingCooperativeComputingMainframesMinisMicrosClients ServersUtility ComputingAppliances UtilitiesThe Basic Economic ModelGovernments Transportation BanksManufacturers Wholesalers Retailers ConsumersIntermediariesMarket ChainsCommunicationsB2B vs. B2C ECommerceConsumersGovernments Transportation BanksManufacturers Wholesalers RetailersIntermediariesMarket ChainsB2CECommerceB2B ECommerceCommunicationsVarious Views of B2B EC? B2B EC is selling and buying between businesses on the Inter? B2B EC is to link the business intras via extras? B2B EC is Inter EDI? B2B EC is the automation of supply chainsECommerce Between Business (NITA Report)? Coordination between the purchasing operations of a pany and its suppliers。 從不同角度審視電子商務? 從通訊角度看，電子商務是在 Inter上傳遞信息、產品／服務或進行支付；? 從服務的角度看，電子商務是一個工具，它能滿足企業(yè)、消費者、管理者的愿望 —— 在提高產品質量和加快產品用＆務交付的速度的同時降低服務的成本；? 從在線的角度看，電子商務提供了通過 Inter的銷售信息、產品、服務；? 從企業(yè)經營的微觀角度看，電子商務是通過 Inter支持企業(yè)的交易活動，即產品或服務的買賣；? 從企業(yè)經營的宏觀角度看，電子商務是基于 Inter，支持企業(yè)經營的產、供、銷、人事、財務等全部活動的自動化。而廣義的電子商務包括電子交易在內的利用 Web進行的全部商業(yè)活動，如市場分析、客戶聯系、物資調配等等，亦稱作電子商業(yè) (ebusiness。 電子