工程碩士研究生英語基礎(chǔ)教程-beijingtakes-展示頁
2025-01-20 00:32本頁面
【正文】 al use. Engineers use principles of science to design structures, machines, and products of all kinds. They look for better ways to use existing resources and often develop new materials. Engineers have had a direct role in the creation of most of modern technology— the tools, materials, techniques, and power sources that make our lives easier. 4 [1]工程學(xué)是一門將科學(xué)知識(shí)適用于實(shí)踐的專業(yè) ． 工程師運(yùn)用科學(xué)原理設(shè)計(jì)建筑物 、機(jī)器以及各種各樣的產(chǎn)品 ． 他們尋找更好的方法來使用理存的資源 ， 同時(shí)也經(jīng)常開發(fā)新材料 ． 在大部分使我們生活得更加容易的現(xiàn)代科技的創(chuàng)新方面 ， 比如：工具 、材料 、 技術(shù)以及能源等 ， 工程師都發(fā)揮了直接作用 ． 5 [2] The field of engineering includes a wide variety of activities. For example, engineering projects range from the construction of huge dams to the design of tiny electronic circuits. Engineers may help produce guided missiles, industrial robots, or artificial limbs for the physically handicapped. They develop plex scientific equipment to explore the reaches of outer space and the depths of the oceans. 6 [2]工程學(xué)領(lǐng)域包括有各種不同的活動(dòng) ，比如 ， 工程項(xiàng)目涵蓋內(nèi)容可大到水壩的建設(shè) ， 小到細(xì)微的電子線路的設(shè)計(jì) 。 工程師可以幫助生產(chǎn)導(dǎo)彈 、 工業(yè)用機(jī)器人或?yàn)樯眢w有殘疾的人生產(chǎn)假肢 。 7 [2] Engineers also plan our electric power and water supply systems, and do research to improve automobiles, television sets, and other consumer products. They may work to reduce environmental pollution, increase the world39。 他們致力于減少環(huán)境污染 ， 增加世界糧食的供應(yīng) ， 以及使運(yùn)輸更加快捷和安全 。 農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展和文明的進(jìn)步帶來了工程學(xué)研究的新浪潮 ． 11 [3] People invented farming tools, designed elaborate irrigation works, and built the first cities. The construction of the gigantic Egyptian pyramids at Giza during the 2500s . was one of the greatest engineering feats of ancient times. In ancient Rome, engineers built large aqueducts and bridges and vast systems of roads. During the 200s ., the Chinese erected major sections of the monumental Great Wall of China. 12 [3] 人們發(fā)明了農(nóng)具 ， 設(shè)計(jì)了精巧的灌溉網(wǎng)絡(luò) ． 建造了初期的城市 。 在公元前 3世紀(jì) ， 中國(guó)人建立了雄偉的萬里長(zhǎng)城的主體部分 。 在中世紀(jì)(歐洲歷史中 ， 從公元 5世紀(jì)到 16世紀(jì)這段時(shí)期 )， 發(fā)明者開發(fā)了利用水力 、 風(fēng)力和動(dòng)物之力的機(jī)械 ． 對(duì)新型機(jī)械和驅(qū)動(dòng)這些機(jī)械的動(dòng)力源不斷增長(zhǎng)的興趣促使他們引發(fā)了 18和 19世紀(jì)的工業(yè)革命 ． 在工業(yè)革命時(shí)期 ，工程師的作用迅速擴(kuò)展 ． 15 [4] The practical steam engine developed by the Scottish engineer James Watt in the 1760s revolutionized transportation and industry by providing a cheap, efficient source of power. New ironmaking techniques provided engineers with the material to improve machines and tools and to build bridges and ships. Many roads, railroads, and canals were constructed to link the growing industrial cities. 16 [4] 由蘇格蘭的工程師詹姆斯 ?瓦特在 18世紀(jì)60年代開發(fā)的實(shí)用蒸汽發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)提供了便宜且有效的動(dòng)力源 ， 引發(fā)了運(yùn)輸和工業(yè)的革命 。 21 [6] Since 1900, the number of engineers and of engineering specialties has expanded dramatically. Artificial hearts, airplanes, puters, lasers, nuclear energy, plastics, space travel, and television are only a few of the scientific and technological breakthroughs that engineers have helped bring about in this century. 22 [6
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