【正文】
to school at seven. 我經(jīng)常在七點(diǎn)鐘去上學(xué)。 專題復(fù)習(xí)七 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)基礎(chǔ)知識梳理(一) 初中階段需要掌握的8種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(第三人稱單數(shù))+動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)形式+其他一般過去時(shí)主語+動(dòng)詞過去式+其他一般將來時(shí)主語+will+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語+be going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(第一人稱 I /we)+shall + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+am/is/are +v. –ing + 其他過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+was/ were +v. –ing + 其他現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他過去完成時(shí)主語 + had + 過去分詞+其他過去將來時(shí)主語 + would + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語 + was/were going to + 動(dòng)詞原形注意:現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)在課文中出現(xiàn)過,學(xué)生可作基本了解?,F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成: 主語+ have/ has + been + 現(xiàn)在分詞+其他(二)時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用及動(dòng)詞變化形式考點(diǎn)1:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法用法例句表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與always,often,sometimes,usually, never, twice a month, every day等頻率副詞或時(shí)間狀語連用。②We visit Uncle Liu every month. 我們每月都去看望劉叔叔。The sun rises in the east. 太陽在東方升起。If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will leave. 如果明天不下雨我將離開。The train for Beijing leaves at 5: 30. 開往北京的火車5: 30離開。 His uncle went to Beijing last week. 上周他的叔叔去了北京。 例如: He said he would not go if it rained. 他說如果下雨他就不去了。例:①They are watching TV now. 他們現(xiàn)在正在看電視。例:She is working in a factory. 她正在一家工廠工作。 例:①I’m ing. 我這就來。(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always,all the time等副詞或短語連用常表示某種強(qiáng)烈的感情。2. 構(gòu)成及句式變換構(gòu)成be(am/is/are) +動(dòng)詞ing肯定句主語+be+動(dòng)詞ing+其他否定句主語+be+not+動(dòng)詞ing+其他疑問句Be +主語+動(dòng)詞ing+其他3. 常用時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞:now, Look! Listen! These days, at this moment, what are you doing,?考點(diǎn)4:過去進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成肯定句:S+ was (were) + v. ing+其他否定句:S+ was (were) + not + v. ing+其他一般疑問句:Was (Were) + S + v. ing+其他用法表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 at this time last night;from seven to nine。例如:My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park. 在公園散步的時(shí)候,我的鋼筆掉到地上了。例如:The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework. 學(xué)生們在看書,而老師在批改他們的家庭作業(yè)。常與tomorrow, soon, later, next time, in+一段時(shí)間等連用。(2)“be going to +動(dòng)詞原形”用于表示主觀上打算將來要做某事,這種打算往往是事先安排好的或表示可能要發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事情。【注意】一般將來時(shí)的其他表達(dá)方式(1)“be +doing”表示按計(jì)劃安排好的事情,常與少量表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,如go,e,start,move,leave等連用I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 明天我就要?jiǎng)由砣ケ本┝恕?键c(diǎn)6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1. 構(gòu)成: have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 2. 用法:(1)表示說話之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作,而且這個(gè)動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在仍有影響,常與already,yet, in the past few years等時(shí)間狀語連用。(已知電影內(nèi)容)(2)表示從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與by now,so far,since, for等時(shí)間狀語連用I have studied in the school since 2009. 自從2009年我就在這所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)?,F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的時(shí)間狀語表示的是一段時(shí)間時(shí),句中的動(dòng)詞一定要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。(不知道現(xiàn)在是否還住在北京)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作雖然是發(fā)生在過去,但是對現(xiàn)在有影響Tom has lived in Beijing for two years. 湯姆住在北京兩年了。因此使用過去完成時(shí)必須以過去某一時(shí)間作為前提,通常用by, before短語或when, before, after, until等引導(dǎo)的從句來表示。(2)用于賓語從句,從句表示在主句以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。(3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別用法例句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)的用法相同,只是作為衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的時(shí)間不同;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是以現(xiàn)在這個(gè)時(shí)刻作衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn),而過去完成時(shí)是以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間作衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)He has travelled to most of the cities in China in the past five years. 五年來他已經(jīng)游遍了中國的大多數(shù)城市。考點(diǎn)8. 過去將來時(shí)(1)構(gòu)成:①would + 動(dòng)詞原形 ②should + 動(dòng)詞原形 ③was/were + going to + 動(dòng)詞原形(2)過去將來時(shí)的用法:用法例句表示從過去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài);這種時(shí)態(tài)常用于賓語從句或間接引語中;常用的時(shí)間狀語有two days later, the next week, the following day等①Tom said he would e. 湯姆說他要來的。③Mr. Green told us we were going to have a party at the weekend. 格林先生告訴我們周末我們要辦一個(gè)晚會(huì)。例如:They said that they would go fishing if it didn’t rain the next day. 【巧學(xué)妙記】should, would加原形,“過去將來”就構(gòu)成。過去認(rèn)為將發(fā)生,過去將來時(shí)態(tài)用?!眷柟叹毩?xí)】 1. I saw Sam and David on the playground yesterday afternoon. They _______games with their classmates then. A. play B. will play C. are playing C. were playing2. John always _______others when they are in trouble. A. help B. was helping C. helps D. helped3. —Where is Mr Black? I have something important to tell him. —You can’t find him. He _______ Hong Kong. A. will go to B. would go to C. has gone to D. has been to4.—Have you ever been to Shanghai? —Yes. I _______ there a few months ago. A. have been B. went C. have gone D. go5. —Shall we go shop