【正文】 緒論 ............................................................................................................................1 引言 ............................................................................................................................1 泡沫塑料 ....................................................................................................................2 聚氨酯泡沫塑料的分類 ............................................................................................3 聚氨酯泡沫塑料的發(fā)展歷史 ....................................................................................4 聚氨酯泡沫塑料的合成與制備 ................................................................................6 合成的基本反應(yīng) .................................................................................................6 泡沫體的形成過程 .............................................................................................8 聚氨酯的制備方法 .............................................................................................9 聚氨酯基體的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)和泡沫體對材料性能的影響 ..........................................10 基體化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)對材料性能的影響 ...................................................................10 氣泡對聚氨酯塑料性能的影響 .......................................................................11 原料對聚氨酯塑料的影響 ......................................................................................12 多異氰酸酯 .......................................................................................................12 多元醇 ...............................................................................................................12 發(fā)泡劑 ...............................................................................................................13 催化劑 ...............................................................................................................14 泡沫穩(wěn)定劑 .......................................................................................................15 工藝條件對聚氨酯塑料性能的影響 ......................................................................15 發(fā)泡工藝對高回彈聚氨酯泡沫塑料發(fā)泡速率及泡孔結(jié)構(gòu)的影響 ...............15 溫度對泡沫體性能的影響 ...............................................................................16 壓力對泡沫體性能的影響 ...............................................................................16 濕度對泡沫體性能的影響 ...............................................................................17 聚氨酯的改性研究 ..................................................................................................18 粉煤灰改性聚氨酯技術(shù)及其應(yīng)用 ...................................................................18 聚氨酯改性研究進(jìn)展 .......................................................................................22 水性聚氨酯的研究 ................................................................................................24 硬質(zhì)聚氨酯泡沫塑料的性能研究 ........................................................................25 以大豆油多元醇制備的硬質(zhì)聚氨酯泡沫塑料的性能研究 .........................25 秸稈纖維對硬泡聚氨酯性能影響的研究 .....................................................26 多因素加速老化對硬質(zhì)聚氨酯泡沫塑料壓縮力學(xué)性能的影響研究 .........26 偶聯(lián)劑處理聚磷酸銨/硬質(zhì)聚氨酯泡沫 ........................................................27 本課題的選題意義及內(nèi)容 ....................................................................................29河南理工大學(xué)萬方科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文i 選題意義 .........................................................................................................29 研究內(nèi)容 .........................................................................................................302 結(jié)果與討論 ..............................................................................................................31 實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器設(shè)備及原料 ..............................................................................................31 實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器及設(shè)備 ...............................................................................................31 原料 ...................................................................................................................31 表征方法 ..................................................................................................................32 力學(xué)性能測試 ...................................................................................................32 術(shù)語解釋及相關(guān)計算 ..............................................................................................32 術(shù)語解釋 ...........................................................................................................32 有關(guān)計算 ...........................................................................................................33 一步法合成實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟 ..............................................................................................35 異氰酸酯對性能的影響 ..........................................................................................36 發(fā)泡劑水對性能的影響 ..........................................................................................41 交聯(lián)劑對性能的影響 ..............................................................................................44 催化劑對性能的影響 ..............................................................................................48 泡沫穩(wěn)定劑對性能的影響 ......................................................................................52 聚醚多元醇對性能的影響 ....................................................................................56 不同羥基值的聚醚多元醇對性能的影響 ............................................................593 結(jié)論與展望 ..............................................................................................................64致 謝 ............................................................................................................................65參考文獻(xiàn) ............................................................................................................................66附 錄 ............................................................................................................................72河南理工大學(xué)萬方科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文01 緒論 引言聚氨酯全稱為聚氨基甲酸酯，是主鏈上含有重復(fù)氨基甲酸酯基團(tuán) (NHCOO)的大分子化合物的統(tǒng)稱。它是由有機(jī)二異氰酸酯或多異氰酸酯與二羥基或多羥基化合