機(jī)械類畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文及其翻譯-展示頁(yè)
2025-07-06 06:47本頁(yè)面
【正文】 ystem and the parts manufacturing, the flexibility of the endeffectors and of the peripheral equipment, as well as by the system configuration. In Japan, most robotic assembly systems have a line configuration in contrast with the systems in the USA and Europe. Apart from Europe and the USA, preference is increasingly given to robotic assembly systems in Japan, instead of manual and mechanized systems. The largest area of application of robotic assembly systems in Japan is the electromechanical industry (40 per cent), followed by the car industry (approximately 27 per cent).Increasingly, robot applications are envisaged for the assembly of plex final products, in several varieties and in low to mediumhigh production volumes. Research has shown that robotic assembly offers good perspectives in small to mediumsize batch production with annual production volumes between 100,000 and 600,000 product positions per shift. The production volumes for robotic assembly cells lie between approximately 200 and 620 products per hour, and for robotic assembly lines between approximately 220 and 750 products per hour[1].BottlenecksExperience has shown that various bottlenecks still thwart the widespread application of robotic assembly systems. These bottlenecks include: a high plexity of the product and process design, a low quality level of the product parts, as well as product dependence of the peripheral equipment. From a study in Germany into the automation of the assembly process in 355 panies, it appeared that 40 per cent of the panies had an unsuitable product design, 30 per cent had too plex processing of the parts, and 25 per cent had too plex assembly operations[5]. This study confirms the importance of design for assembly(DFA).The second area in which difficulties occur concerns the limited accuracy ofthe product parts which makes the assembly process unnecessarily plex. This problem can be solved by optimizing the machining processes in the parts manufacturing, and a proper synchronization between the parts manufacturing and the assembly process. The integration of parts manufacture into assembly is also an option.The third area in which difficulties occur involves the robot and the peripheral equipment. The bottlenecks here are:1 Limited acceleration an deceleration of robots: resulting in reduced speed.2 Insufficient means of integrating plex sensors: on the one hand because of the low reliability of these sensors, and on the other hand because of the closeness of robot controllers。 a universal language for robotic assembly systems and a standard interface for robot controllers are, unfortunately, not yet available.3 Limited flexibility of grippers and other assembly tools: owing to the productdependence of these assembly means, endeffector change is in general required, for which on average 30 per cent of the cycle time will be needed[1].4 Limited flexibility of the peripheral equipment: this is generally seen as the main bottleneck. The peripheral equipment is often productdependent, which affects the system flexibility negatively. In this manner, no justice is done to the high flexibility of the robot.5 Limited reliability of the peripheral equipment and the low accessibility of individual system ponents: these aspects are greatly influenced by the product plexity and the system configuration[1].These bottlenecks often result in a higher capital consumption, and a longer cycle time of the assembly system. Insufficient coherence and synchronization between product, process and system design often lie at the basis of this.Development tendenciesIn the past years, numerous DFA methods have been developed to optimize product design, reducing the plexity of the assembly process and assembly costs[4,6]. These are based on two principles, namely: avoiding assembly operations and simplifying assembly operations[ 1,4,6]. Avoiding assembly operations can be realized, among other things, by modular product design, and eliminating parts as a result
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